Rust if...else

In Rust, you can use the if...else statement to conditionally execute code based on a boolean expression. The basic syntax of an if...else statement is as follows:

if condition {
    // code to execute if condition is true
} else {
    // code to execute if condition is false
}

Here's an example:

let x = 10;
if x > 5 {
    println!("x is greater than 5");
} else {
    println!("x is less than or equal to 5");
}

In this example, the if statement checks whether the value of x is greater than 5. If it is, the code inside the curly braces after the if statement is executed, which prints the message "x is greater than 5". If the condition is not true, the code inside the curly braces after the else statement is executed, which prints the message "x is less than or equal to 5".

You can also chain multiple if statements together using else if:

let x = 10;
if x > 10 {
    println!("x is greater than 10");
} else if x == 10 {
    println!("x is equal to 10");
} else {
    println!("x is less than 10");
}

In this example, if x is greater than 10, the first block of code is executed. If x is equal to 10, the second block of code is executed. Otherwise, the third block of code is executed.

Rust also supports a shorthand syntax for if statements called the ternary operator. The ternary operator allows you to write a simple if statement on a single line:

let x = 10;
let message = if x > 5 { "greater than 5" } else { "less than or equal to 5" };
println!("x is {}", message);

In this example, the message variable is assigned either "greater than 5" or "less than or equal to 5" based on the value of x. The ternary operator is useful for writing simple if statements that assign a value to a variable.