C# operator overloading

C# supports operator overloading, which allows you to define operators for your own classes. Operator overloading makes it possible to use operators like +, -, *, /, ==, !=, and others on objects of your own classes in a natural way.

Here is an example of operator overloading:

class Complex
{
    public double Real { get; }
    public double Imaginary { get; }

    public Complex(double real, double imaginary)
    {
        Real = real;
        Imaginary = imaginary;
    }

    public static Complex operator +(Complex a, Complex b)
    {
        return new Complex(a.Real + b.Real, a.Imaginary + b.Imaginary);
    }

    public static Complex operator *(Complex a, Complex b)
    {
        double real = a.Real * b.Real - a.Imaginary * b.Imaginary;
        double imaginary = a.Real * b.Imaginary + a.Imaginary * b.Real;
        return new Complex(real, imaginary);
    }

    public static bool operator ==(Complex a, Complex b)
    {
        return a.Real == b.Real && a.Imaginary == b.Imaginary;
    }

    public static bool operator !=(Complex a, Complex b)
    {
        return !(a == b);
    }
}

In this example, we define a Complex class that represents complex numbers. We define two public properties, Real and Imaginary, to store the real and imaginary parts of the complex number. We also define three operator overloads for the +, *, ==, and != operators.

The + and * operator overloads allow us to add and multiply complex numbers in a natural way. The == and != operator overloads allow us to compare complex numbers for equality.

With these operator overloads, we can write code like this:

Complex a = new Complex(1, 2);
Complex b = new Complex(3, 4);

Complex c = a + b;
Complex d = a * b;

Console.WriteLine(c.Real + " + " + c.Imaginary + "i");  // output: 4 + 6i
Console.WriteLine(d.Real + " + " + d.Imaginary + "i");  // output: -5 + 10i

Console.WriteLine(a == b);  // output: False
Console.WriteLine(a != b);  // output: True

In this example, we create two Complex objects, a and b, and use the + and * operators to add and multiply them. We also use the == and != operators to compare them for equality.