Linux 复制文件权限，但不复制文件
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Copy file permissions, but not files
提问by user788171
I have two copies of the same directory tree. They almost have the same files in both (one version may have a couple extra or missing files). However, most of the files are in common to both directories (have the same relative paths and everything).
我有两个相同目录树的副本。它们几乎具有相同的文件（一个版本可能有几个额外的或丢失的文件）。但是，大多数文件对于这两个目录都是通用的（具有相同的相对路径和所有内容）。
Assume these are in directories:
假设这些在目录中：
version1/
version2/
The problem is that the permissions in version1/ got messed up, and I would like to copy over the permissions from version2/, but do it without replacing the files in version1/ which are newer.
问题是 version1/ 中的权限搞砸了，我想从 version2/ 复制权限，但不要替换 version1/ 中较新的文件。
Is there an automated way to do this via bash? (It doesn't have to be bash, it could be some other method/programming language as well).
是否有通过 bash 自动执行此操作的方法？（它不一定是 bash，也可以是其他一些方法/编程语言）。
采纳答案by Anders R. Bystrup
You should have a look at the --referenceoption for chmod:
您应该查看以下--reference选项chmod：
chmod --reference version2/somefile version1/somefile
Apply findand xargsin a fitting manner and you should be fine, i.e. something like
应用find和xargs以装配方式，你应该罚款，即像
~/version2$ find . -type f | xargs -I {} chmod --reference {} ../version1/{}
This even works recursively, and is robust against missing files in the target directory (bar the No such file ...errors, which can be ignored). Of course it won't do anything to files that only exist in the target directory.
这甚至可以递归地工作，并且对于目标目录中丢失的文件非常有效（禁止No such file ...错误，可以忽略）。当然，它不会对只存在于目标目录中的文件做任何事情。
Cheers,
干杯，
回答by swappy
You could try:
你可以试试：
chmod owner-group-other ./dir or ./file
Unless permissions are fine grained and different from one file to another, you could do a recursive chmod on the directory and unify the permissions.
除非权限是细粒度的并且从一个文件到另一个文件不同，否则您可以对目录执行递归 chmod 并统一权限。
See man chmod for references on the options that might be useful
有关可能有用的选项的参考，请参阅 man chmod
回答by uba
You could use this script (it changes the permissions recursively but individually for each file/directory)
您可以使用此脚本（它递归地更改每个文件/目录的权限，但单独更改）
#!/bin/sh
chmod --reference
if [ -d ]
then
if [ "x`ls `" != "x" ]
then
for f in `ls `
do
##代码## /$f /$f
done
fi
fi
Run the script with arguments version2 version1
运行带有参数 version2 version1 的脚本
