Nginx是一个优秀的开源软件包，用于webserver、loadbalancer、HTTP、HTTPS、SMTP、POP3、IMAP和HTTP缓存服务器。

在Ubuntu 14.04 LTS服务器上从源代码安装Nginx的步骤:

以超级用户身份登录

sudo su -

下载Nginx源代码

使用curl命令来下载当前可用的最新包。

curl -O http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

添加nginx用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx

安装依赖包

apt-get install build-essential libc6 libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libpcrecpp0 libssl0.9.8 libssl-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev lsb-base openssl libssl-dev  libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev  google-perftools libgoogle-perftools-dev libperl-dev  libgd2-xpm-dev libatomic-ops-dev libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev python-dev

解压nginx源代码

tar -xvzf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

编译Nginx源代码

进入源码目录

cd nginx-1.6.2/

现在编译Nginx源代码。

./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid  --with-rtsig_module --with-select_module --with-poll_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_spdy_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-cpp_test_module  --with-cpu-opt=CPU --with-pcre  --with-pcre-jit  --with-md5-asm  --with-sha1-asm  --with-zlib-asm=CPU --with-libatomic --with-debug --with-ld-opt="-Wl,-E"

执行make命令并安装

make && make install

创建Nginx守护进程文件

该文件将用于启动、停止、重新加载、重新启动nginx服务以及查看其状态

在/etc/init.d中创建一个新文件nginx

vi /etc/init.d/nginx

内容如下：

#! /bin/bash

. /lib/lsb/init-functions
 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#                               Consts
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin/
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/nginx
 
PS="nginx"
PIDNAME="nginx"				#lets you do $PS-slave
PIDFILE=$PIDNAME.pid                    #pid file
PIDSPATH=/var/run
 
DESCRIPTION="Nginx Server version 1.6.2"
 
RUNAS=root                              #user to run as
 
SCRIPT_OK=0                             #ala error codes
SCRIPT_ERROR=1                          #ala error codes
TRUE=1                                  #boolean
FALSE=0                                 #boolean
 
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#                               Simple Tests
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
#test if nginx is a file and executable
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
 
# Include nginx defaults if available
if [ -f /etc/default/nginx ] ; then
        . /etc/default/nginx
fi
 
#set exit condition
#set -e
 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#                               Functions
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
setFilePerms(){
 
        if [ -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ]; then
                chmod 400 $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
        fi
}
 
configtest() {
	$DAEMON -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
 
getPSCount() {
	return `pgrep -f $PS | wc -l`
}
 
isRunning() {
        if [  ]; then
                pidof_daemon 
                PID=$?
 
                if [ $PID -gt 0 ]; then
                        return 1
                else
                        return 0
                fi
        else
                pidof_daemon
                PID=$?
 
                if [ $PID -gt 0 ]; then
                        return 1
                else
                        return 0
                fi
        fi
}
 
#courtesy of php-fpm
wait_for_pid () {
        try=0
 
        while test $try -lt 35 ; do
 
                case "" in
                        'created')
                        if [ -f "" ] ; then
                                try=''
                                break
                        fi
                        ;;
 
                        'removed')
                        if [ ! -f "" ] ; then
                                try=''
                                break
                        fi
                        ;;
                esac
 
                #echo -n .
                try=`expr $try + 1`
                sleep 1
        done
}
 
status(){
	isRunning
	isAlive=$?
 
	if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
                echo "$PIDNAME found running with processes:  `pidof $PS`"
        else
                echo "$PIDNAME is NOT running."
        fi
 
 
}
 
removePIDFile(){
	if [  ]; then
                if [ -f  ]; then
        	        rm -f 
	        fi
        else
		#Do default removal
		if [ -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ]; then
        	        rm -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
	        fi
        fi
}
 
start() {
        log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESCRIPTION"
 
	isRunning
	isAlive=$?
 
        if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
                log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
        else
                start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --chuid $RUNAS --pidfile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON 
                -- -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
                setFilePerms
                log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
        fi
}
 
stop() {
	log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESCRIPTION"
 
	isRunning
	isAlive=$?
        if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
                start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
 
		wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
 
                if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
                        log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
                else
                        removePIDFile
	                log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
                fi
 
        else
                log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
        fi
}
 
reload() {
	configtest || return $?
 
	log_daemon_msg "Reloading (via HUP) $DESCRIPTION"
 
        isRunning
        if [ $? -eq $TRUE ]; then
		`killall -HUP $PS` #to be safe
 
                log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
        else
                log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
        fi
}
 
quietupgrade() {
	log_daemon_msg "Peforming Quiet Upgrade $DESCRIPTION"
 
        isRunning
        isAlive=$?
        if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
		kill -USR2 `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`
		kill -WINCH `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`
 
		isRunning
		isAlive=$?
		if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then
			kill -QUIT `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`
			wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin
                        removePIDFile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin
 
			log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
		else
			log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
 
			log_daemon_msg "ERROR! Reverting back to original $DESCRIPTION"
 
			kill -HUP `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`
			kill -TERM `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`
			kill -QUIT `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`
 
			wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin
                        removePIDFile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin
 
			log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ok
		fi
        else
                log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR
        fi
}
 
terminate() {
        log_daemon_msg "Force terminating (via KILL) $DESCRIPTION"
 
	PIDS=`pidof $PS` || true
 
	[ -e $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ] && PIDS2=`cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`
 
	for i in $PIDS; do
		if [ "$i" = "$PIDS2" ]; then
	        	kill $i
                        wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE
			removePIDFile
		fi
	done
 
	log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
}
 
destroy() {
	log_daemon_msg "Force terminating and may include self (via KILLALL) $DESCRIPTION"
	killall $PS -q >> /dev/null 2>&1
	log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK
}
 
pidof_daemon() {
    PIDS=`pidof $PS` || true
 
    [ -e $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ] && PIDS2=`cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`
 
    for i in $PIDS; do
        if [ "$i" = "$PIDS2" ]; then
            return 1
        fi
    done
    return 0
}
 
case "" in
  start)
	start
        ;;
  stop)
	stop
        ;;
  restart|force-reload)
	stop
	sleep 1
	start
        ;;
  reload)
	
	;;
  status)
	status
	;;
  configtest)
        
        ;;
  quietupgrade)
	
	;;
  terminate)
	
	;;
  destroy)
	
	;;
  *)
	FULLPATH=/etc/init.d/$PS
	echo "Usage: $FULLPATH {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status|configtest|quietupgrade|terminate|destroy}"
	echo "       The 'destroy' command should only be used as a last resort." 
	exit 1
	;;
esac
 
exit 0

授予可执行权限。

chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

Nginx服务如何启动/停止/查看状态

启动nginx服务

/etc/init.d/nginx start

停止nginx服务

/etc/init.d/nginx stop

检查nginx服务的状态

/etc/init.d/nginx status

检查Web服务器

浏览器打开 http://服务器ip查看nginx web服务器