FreeBSD中查看内存大小
时间：2019-11-20 08:53:58 来源:igfitidea点击:
在FreeBSD中，如何查看服务器安装的内存大小以及已使用内存大小？
Linux中如何查看物理内存和交换内存的大小？
使用sysctl命令找出FreeBSD上安装了多少RAM。
执行以下命令：
$ sysctl hw.physmem $ sysctl hw | egrep 'hw.(phys|user|real)'
或者
$ grep memory /var/run/dmesg.boot
使用查看内存使用情况
使用Perl脚本查看内存使用情况
freemem.sh
#!/usr/bin/perl ## ## freebsd-memory -- List Total System Memory Usage ## Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Ralf S. Engelschall <[email protected]> ## ## Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without ## modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions ## are met: ## 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright ## notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. ## 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright ## notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the ## documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. ## ## THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ## ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE ## IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ## ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE ## FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL ## DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS ## OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) ## HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT ## LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY ## OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ## SUCH DAMAGE. ## # query the system through the generic sysctl(8) interface # (this does not require special priviledges) my $sysctl = {}; my $sysctl_output = `/sbin/sysctl -a`; foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $sysctl_output)) { if ($line =~ m/^([^:]+):\s+(.+)\s*$/s) { $sysctl->{} = ; } } # round the physical memory size to the next power of two which is # reasonable for memory cards. We do this by first determining the # guessed memory card size under the assumption that usual computer # hardware has an average of a maximally eight memory cards installed # and those are usually of equal size. sub mem_rounded { my ($mem_size) = @_; my $chip_size = 1; my $chip_guess = ($mem_size / 8) - 1; while ($chip_guess != 0) { $chip_guess >>= 1; $chip_size <<= 1; } my $mem_round = (int($mem_size / $chip_size) + 1) * $chip_size; return $mem_round; } # determine the individual known information # NOTICE: forget hw.usermem, it is just (hw.physmem - vm.stats.vm.v_wire_count). # NOTICE: forget vm.stats.misc.zero_page_count, it is just the subset of # vm.stats.vm.v_free_count which is already pre-zeroed. my $mem_hw = &mem_rounded($sysctl->{"hw.physmem"}); my $mem_phys = $sysctl->{"hw.physmem"}; my $mem_all = $sysctl->{"vm.stats.vm.v_page_count"} * $sysctl->{"hw.pagesize"}; my $mem_wire = $sysctl->{"vm.stats.vm.v_wire_count"} * $sysctl->{"hw.pagesize"}; my $mem_active = $sysctl->{"vm.stats.vm.v_active_count"} * $sysctl->{"hw.pagesize"}; my $mem_inactive = $sysctl->{"vm.stats.vm.v_inactive_count"} * $sysctl->{"hw.pagesize"}; my $mem_cache = $sysctl->{"vm.stats.vm.v_cache_count"} * $sysctl->{"hw.pagesize"}; my $mem_free = $sysctl->{"vm.stats.vm.v_free_count"} * $sysctl->{"hw.pagesize"}; # determine the individual unknown information my $mem_gap_vm = $mem_all - ($mem_wire + $mem_active + $mem_inactive + $mem_cache + $mem_free); my $mem_gap_sys = $mem_phys - $mem_all; my $mem_gap_hw = $mem_hw - $mem_phys; # determine logical summary information my $mem_total = $mem_hw; my $mem_avail = $mem_inactive + $mem_cache + $mem_free; my $mem_used = $mem_total - $mem_avail; # information annotations my $info = { "mem_wire" => 'Wired: disabled for paging out', "mem_active" => 'Active: recently referenced', "mem_inactive" => 'Inactive: recently not referenced', "mem_cache" => 'Cached: almost avail. for allocation', "mem_free" => 'Free: fully available for allocation', "mem_gap_vm" => 'Memory gap: UNKNOWN', "mem_all" => 'Total real memory managed', "mem_gap_sys" => 'Memory gap: Kernel?!', "mem_phys" => 'Total real memory available', "mem_gap_hw" => 'Memory gap: Segment Mappings?!', "mem_hw" => 'Total real memory installed', "mem_used" => 'Logically used memory', "mem_avail" => 'Logically available memory', "mem_total" => 'Logically total memory', }; # print system results printf("SYSTEM MEMORY INFORMATION:\n"); printf("mem_wire: %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_wire, $mem_wire / (1024*1024), ($mem_wire / $mem_all) * 100, $info->{"mem_wire"}); printf("mem_active: + %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_active, $mem_active / (1024*1024), ($mem_active / $mem_all) * 100, $info->{"mem_active"}); printf("mem_inactive:+ %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_inactive, $mem_inactive / (1024*1024), ($mem_inactive / $mem_all) * 100, $info->{"mem_inactive"}); printf("mem_cache: + %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_cache, $mem_cache / (1024*1024), ($mem_cache / $mem_all) * 100, $info->{"mem_cache"}); printf("mem_free: + %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_free, $mem_free / (1024*1024), ($mem_free / $mem_all) * 100, $info->{"mem_free"}); printf("mem_gap_vm: + %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_gap_vm, $mem_gap_vm / (1024*1024), ($mem_gap_vm / $mem_all) * 100, $info->{"mem_gap_vm"}); printf("-------------- ------------ ----------- ------\n"); printf("mem_all: = %12d (%7dMB) [100%%] %s\n", $mem_all, $mem_all / (1024*1024), $info->{"mem_all"}); printf("mem_gap_sys: + %12d (%7dMB) %s\n", $mem_gap_sys, $mem_gap_sys / (1024*1024), $info->{"mem_gap_sys"}); printf("-------------- ------------ -----------\n"); printf("mem_phys: = %12d (%7dMB) %s\n", $mem_phys, $mem_phys / (1024*1024), $info->{"mem_phys"}); printf("mem_gap_hw: + %12d (%7dMB) %s\n", $mem_gap_hw, $mem_gap_hw / (1024*1024), $info->{"mem_gap_hw"}); printf("-------------- ------------ -----------\n"); printf("mem_hw: = %12d (%7dMB) %s\n", $mem_hw, $mem_hw / (1024*1024), $info->{"mem_hw"}); # print logical results printf("\n"); printf("SYSTEM MEMORY SUMMARY:\n"); printf("mem_used: %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_used, $mem_used / (1024*1024), ($mem_used / $mem_total) * 100, $info->{"mem_used"}); printf("mem_avail: + %12d (%7dMB) [%3d%%] %s\n", $mem_avail, $mem_avail / (1024*1024), ($mem_avail / $mem_total) * 100, $info->{"mem_avail"}); printf("-------------- ------------ ----------- ------\n"); printf("mem_total: = %12d (%7dMB) [100%%] %s\n", $mem_total, $mem_total / (1024*1024), $info->{"mem_total"});
执行脚本
$ sudo chmod +x freemem.sh $ freemem.sh
输出示例：
SYSTEM MEMORY INFORMATION: mem_wire: 25341952 ( 24MB) [ 9%] Wired: disabled for paging out mem_active: + 47529984 ( 45MB) [ 18%] Active: recently referenced mem_inactive:+ 15605760 ( 14MB) [ 6%] Inactive: recently not referenced mem_cache: + 16384 ( 0MB) [ 0%] Cached: almost avail. for allocation mem_free: + 165556224 ( 157MB) [ 65%] Free: fully available for allocation mem_gap_vm: + 389120 ( 0MB) [ 0%] Memory gap: UNKNOWN -------------- ------------ ----------- ------ mem_all: = 254439424 ( 242MB) [100%] Total real memory managed mem_gap_sys: + 4988928 ( 4MB) Memory gap: Kernel?! -------------- ------------ ----------- mem_phys: = 259428352 ( 247MB) Total real memory available mem_gap_hw: + 9007104 ( 8MB) Memory gap: Segment Mappings?! -------------- ------------ ----------- mem_hw: = 268435456 ( 256MB) Total real memory installed SYSTEM MEMORY SUMMARY: mem_used: 87257088 ( 83MB) [ 32%] Logically used memory mem_avail: + 181178368 ( 172MB) [ 67%] Logically available memory -------------- ------------ ----------- ------ mem_total: = 268435456 ( 256MB) [100%] Logically total memory
使用shell脚本查看Linux内存使用情况
我基于FreeBSD的家庭路由器的输出示例：
$ fetch https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocochard/myscripts/master/FreeBSD/freebsd-memory.sh 或者 ## $ curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocochard/myscripts/master/FreeBSD/freebsd-memory.sh $ sh freebsd-memory.sh
输出示例：
SYSTEM MEMORY INFORMATION: mem_wire: 70152192 ( 66MB) [ 14%] Wired: disabled for paging out mem_active: + 44515328 ( 42MB) [ 9%] Active: recently referenced mem_inactive:+ 333316096 ( 317MB) [ 67%] Inactive: recently not referenced mem_cache: + 798720 ( 0MB) [ 0%] Cached: almost avail. for allocation mem_free: + 44724224 ( 42MB) [ 9%] Free: fully available for allocation mem_gap_vm: + -45056 ( 0MB) [ 0%] Memory gap: UNKNOWN ______________ ____________ ___________ ______ mem_all: = 493461504 ( 470MB) [100%] Total real memory managed mem_gap_sys: + 9297920 ( 8MB) Memory gap: Kernel?! ______________ ____________ ___________ mem_phys: = 502759424 ( 479MB) Total real memory available mem_gap_hw: + 34111488 ( 32MB) Memory gap: Segment Mappings?! ______________ ____________ ___________ mem_hw: = 536870912 ( 512MB) Total real memory installed SYSTEM MEMORY SUMMARY: mem_used: 158031872 ( 150MB) [ 29%] Logically used memory mem_avail: + 378839040 ( 361MB) [ 70%] Logically available memory ______________ ____________ __________ _______ mem_total: = 536870912 ( 512MB) [100%] Logically total memory
在FreeBSD中使用类似Linux free命令查看内存使用情况
Freecolor是类似free的软件
安装freecolor：
# cd /usr/ports/sysutils/freecolor # make install clean
或者
# pkg install freecolor
查看内存详细信息：
$ freecolor -m -o
输出示例：
total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4082 825 3256 0 0 117 Swap: 2048 0 2047
$ freecolor -t -m -o
输出示例：
total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4082 825 3256 0 0 117 Swap: 2048 0 2047 Total: 6130 = ( 826 (used) + 5421 (free))
使用top命令
top命令，可以查看系统进程的相关信息，包括"物理内存统计信息"。
- Active：活跃的字节数。
- Inact：无效的字节数。
- Wired：连线的字节数，包括BIO级缓存的文件数据页。
- Cache：可用于立即重新分配的干净字节缓存数据的数量。
- Buf：用于BIO级磁盘缓存的字节数。
- Free：可用字节数。
