Linux 在文本文件中查找行号 - 无需打开文件
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Find line number in a text file - without opening the file
提问by Eleco
In a very large file I need to find the position (line number) of a string, then extract the 2 lines above and below that string.
在一个非常大的文件中，我需要找到一个字符串的位置（行号），然后提取该字符串上方和下方的 2 行。
To do this right now - I launch vi, find the string, note it's line number, exit vi, then use sed to extract the lines surrounding that string.
立即执行此操作 - 我启动 vi，找到字符串，记下它的行号，退出 vi，然后使用 sed 提取该字符串周围的行。
Is there a way to streamline this process... ideally without having to run vi at all.
有没有办法简化这个过程......理想情况下根本不需要运行vi。
采纳答案by Denys Séguret
You can do
你可以做
grep -C 2 yourSearch yourFile
To send it in a file, do
要将其发送到文件中，请执行
grep -C 2 yourSearch yourFile > result.txt
回答by none
you can use cat -nto display the line numbers and then use awkto get the line number after a grepin order to extract line number:
您可以使用cat -n来显示行号，然后使用awk获取 a 之后的行号grep以提取行号：
cat -n FILE | grep WORD | awk '{print ;}'
although grepalready does what you mention if you give -C 2(above/below 2 lines):
虽然grep已经做了你提到的，如果你给-C 2（上面/下面2行）：
grep -C 2 WORD FILE
回答by squiguy
Use grep -n string fileto find the line number without opening the file.
用于grep -n string file在不打开文件的情况下查找行号。
回答by mbarthelemy
Maybe using grep like this:
也许像这样使用grep：
grep -n -2 your_searched_for_string your_large_text_file
Will give you almost what you expect
会给你几乎你所期望的
-n : tells grep to print the line number
-n ：告诉 grep 打印行号
-2 : print 2 additional lines (and the wanted string, of course)
-2 ：打印另外 2 行（当然还有想要的字符串）
回答by Nelson
You can do it with grep -Aand -Boptions, like this:
您可以使用 grep-A和-B选项来完成，如下所示：
grep -B 2 -A 2 "searchstring" | sed 3d
grep will find the line and show two lines of context before and after, later remove the third one with sed.
grep 将找到该行并显示前后两行上下文，稍后用 sed 删除第三行。
