在CentOS 8/RHEL 8上安装Microsoft SQL Server 2019
时间：2020-02-23 14:32:09 来源:igfitidea点击:
本教程将指导我们完成在RHEL/CentOS 8上的Microsoft SQL Server(MS SQL)安装。MS SQL是Microsoft的关系数据库系统，于2015年开源。从SQL Server 2016开始，可用于生产。 RHEL和其他Linux发行版上的工作负载。
可用于生产工作负载的MS SQL Server版本是MS SQL 2016和MS SQL2019. 请按照下一部分中的步骤在RHEL/CentOS 8 Linux服务器上安装和运行Microsoft SQL Server(MS SQL)2019.
以下是在CentOS 8/RHEL 8 Linux上运行MS SQL Server 2019的最低系统要求：
最小内存为3 GBCPU处理器，最小速度为1.4 GHz。但建议>> 2 GHz SQL Server至少需要10 GB的可用硬盘空间
添加Microsoft SQL Server 2019存储库
Microsoft SQL数据库服务器软件包可在Red Hat存储库中找到，需要手动添加。
sudo curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/8/mssql-server-2019.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/mssql-server-2019.repo sudo curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/8/prod.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/msprod.repo
在RHEL 8/CentOS 8上安装MS SQL Server
添加的存储库中提供了Microsoft SQL Server 2019所需的所有软件包。只需执行以下命令，即可在CentOS 8/RHEL 8 Linux上安装MS SQL Server。
sudo dnf -y install mssql-server
依赖树：
Dependencies resolved. ======================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================== Installing: mssql-tools x86_64 17.5.2.1-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 223 k unixODBC-devel x86_64 2.3.7-1.rh packages-microsoft-com-prod 42 k mssql-server x86_64 15.0.4033.1-2 packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server-2019 209 M Installing dependencies: gc x86_64 7.6.4-3.el8 AppStream 109 k gdb x86_64 8.2-6.el8 AppStream 296 k gdb-headless x86_64 8.2-6.el8 AppStream 3.7 M guile x86_64 5:2.0.14-7.el8 AppStream 3.5 M libatomic_ops x86_64 7.6.2-3.el8 AppStream 38 k libbabeltrace x86_64 1.5.4-2.el8 AppStream 201 k libipt x86_64 1.6.1-8.el8 AppStream 50 k python2 x86_64 2.7.16-12.module_el8.1.0+219+cf9e6ac9 AppStream 109 k python2-libs x86_64 2.7.16-12.module_el8.1.0+219+cf9e6ac9 AppStream 6.0 M python2-pip-wheel noarch 9.0.3-14.module_el8.1.0+219+cf9e6ac9 AppStream 1.2 M python2-setuptools-wheel noarch 39.0.1-11.module_el8.1.0+219+cf9e6ac9 AppStream 289 k msodbcsql17 x86_64 17.5.2.1-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 802 k unixODBC x86_64 2.3.7-1.rh packages-microsoft-com-prod 213 k Installing weak dependencies: python2-pip noarch 9.0.3-14.module_el8.1.0+219+cf9e6ac9 AppStream 2.0 M python2-setuptools noarch 39.0.1-11.module_el8.1.0+219+cf9e6ac9 AppStream 643 k Enabling module streams: python27 2.7 Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================== Install 18 Packages
看到提示时，请接受许可协议：
The license terms for this product can be downloaded from https://aka.ms/odbc17eula and found in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/LICENSE.txt . By entering 'YES', you indicate that you accept the license terms. Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO) YES
安装SQL Server命令行工具
然后使用unixODBC开发人员软件包安装mssql-tools。
sudo yum -y install mssql-tools unixODBC-devel
接受许可：
Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO) YES Installing : msodbcsql17-17.5.2.1-1.x86_64 2/4 Running scriptlet: msodbcsql17-17.5.2.1-1.x86_64 2/4 Running scriptlet: mssql-tools-17.5.2.1-1.x86_64 3/4 The license terms for this product can be downloaded from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746949 and found in /usr/share/doc/mssql-tools/LICENSE.txt . By entering 'YES', you indicate that you accept the license terms. Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO) YES
见下文。
确认安装。
$rpm -qi mssql-server Name : mssql-server Version : 15.0.4033.1 Release : 2 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Sun 19 Apr 2017 08:44:02 PM EAT Group : Unspecified Size : 1095014063 License : Commercial Signature : RSA/SHA256, Mon 30 Mar 2017 08:05:33 PM EAT, Key ID eb3e94adbe1229cf Source RPM : mssql-server-15.0.4033.1-2.src.rpm Build Date : Fri 27 Mar 2017 02:16:54 AM EAT Build Host : hls-rhel8-1-prod-build-rhel8-01 Relocations : (not relocatable) Summary : Microsoft SQL Server Relational Database Engine .... $rpm -qi mssql-tools Name : mssql-tools Version : 17.5.2.1 Release : 1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Sun 19 Apr 2017 08:45:46 PM EAT Group : Applications/Driver Size : 726935 License : http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746949 Signature : RSA/SHA256, Tue 03 Mar 2017 10:25:59 PM EAT, Key ID eb3e94adbe1229cf Source RPM : mssql-tools-17.5.2.1-1.src.rpm Build Date : Tue 03 Mar 2017 09:10:21 PM EAT Build Host : ODBC-029-CentOS68-1.galaxy.ad Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Microsoft SQL Tools Team <theitroad@localhost> Summary : Tools for Microsoft(R) SQL Server (R) ....
初始化MS SQL数据库引擎
软件包安装完成后，运行runmssql-conf并按照提示设置SA密码并选择版本。
sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup
1.选择我们想要使用的版本
Choose an edition of SQL Server: 1) Evaluation (free, no production use rights, 180-day limit) 2) Developer (free, no production use rights) 3) Express (free) 4) Web (PAID) 5) Standard (PAID) 6) Enterprise (PAID) 7) Enterprise Core (PAID) 8) I bought a license through a retail sales channel and have a product key to enter. Details about editions can be found at https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=852748&clcid=0x409 Use of PAID editions of this software requires separate licensing through a Microsoft Volume Licensing program. By choosing a PAID edition, you are verifying that you have the appropriate number of licenses in place to install and run this software. Enter your edition(1-8): 2
为了我。不适用于2开发人员(免费，没有生产使用权)。
2.接受许可条款
The license terms for this product can be found in /usr/share/doc/mssql-server or downloaded from: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=855862&clcid=0x409 The privacy statement can be viewed at: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=853010&clcid=0x409 Do you accept the license terms? [Yes/No]:Yes
3.设置SQL Server系统管理员密码：
Enter the SQL Server system administrator password: <Password> Confirm the SQL Server system administrator password: <Confirm Password> Configuring SQL Server... ForceFlush is enabled for this instance. ForceFlush feature is enabled for log durability. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service. Setup has completed successfully. SQL Server is now starting.
该服务应已启动，并设置为在启动时启动。
$systemctl status mssql-server.service ● mssql-server.service - Microsoft SQL Server Database Engine Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sun 2017-04-19 21:05:26 EAT; 1h 52min ago Docs: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux Main PID: 8699 (sqlservr) Tasks: 157 Memory: 727.2M CGroup: /system.slice/mssql-server.service ├─8699 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr └─8727 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr Apr 19 21:05:30 cent8.novalocal sqlservr[8699]: [61B blob data] Apr 19 21:05:30 cent8.novalocal sqlservr[8699]: [96B blob data] Apr 19 21:05:30 cent8.novalocal sqlservr[8699]: [66B blob data] $systemctl is-enabled mssql-server.service enabled
将/opt/mssql/bin /添加到$PATH变量中：
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mssql/bin:/opt/mssql-tools/bin' | sudo tee /etc/profile.d/mssql.sh
源文件以在当前的shell会话中开始使用MS SQL可执行二进制文件：
source /etc/profile.d/mssql.sh
如果我们有活动的防火墙服务，请允许远程主机的SQL Server端口进行连接：
sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=1433/tcp --permanent sudo firewall-cmd --reload
测试SQL Server
连接到SQL Server并验证其是否正常运行。
$sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA
使用在中设置的密码进行身份验证。
显示数据库用户：
1> select name from sysusers; 2> go name MS_AgentSigningCertificate## MS_PolicyEventProcessingLogin## db_accessadmin db_backupoperator db_datareader db_datawriter db_ddladmin db_denydatareader db_denydatawriter db_owner db_securityadmin dbo guest INFORMATION_SCHEMA public sys (16 rows affected) 1>
创建一个测试数据库：
CREATE DATABASE mytestDB SELECT Name from sys.Databases GO USE mytestDB CREATE TABLE Inventory (id INT, name NVARCHAR(50), quantity INT) INSERT INTO Inventory VALUES (1, 'banana', 150); INSERT INTO Inventory VALUES (2, 'orange', 154); GO SELECT * FROM Inventory LIMIT 1;
在SQL Server上显示数据库。
1> select name,database_id from sys.databases; 2> go name database_id ------------- ---------- master 1 tempdb 2 model 3 msdb 4 testDB 5 (5 rows affected)
删除数据库：
1> DROP DATABASE testDB; 2> GO
