在Linux和Unix中显示彩色手册页
时间:2020-01-09 10:45:57 来源:igfitidea点击:
如何在Linux/FreeBSD/Apple OS X/Unix等操作系统下的手册页中添加一些颜色?
如何在Linux中查看彩色手册页?
您需要安装一个名为most的寻呼机,才能在Linux和Unix中显示彩色手册页。
它是一个分页程序,一次显示一个窗口,在终端上显示文件的内容。
它在每个窗口填满后暂停,并在窗口状态行上打印,包括文件名,当前行号以及到目前为止显示的文件百分比。
本教程说明如何在Linux,FreeBSD和macOS或者类似Unix的系统中查看彩色手册页。
如何在手册页中查看或者显示颜色
我们将按照以下方式安装最多的软件包,以便可以在终端上看到一个彩色的手册页:
FreeBSD最多安装以在Unix中显示彩色手册页
要安装端口,请执行:
# cd /usr/ports/sysutils/most/ # make install clean
或者,您可以使用以下命令添加名为most的二进制软件包:
# pkg_add -r most
较新版本的FreeBSD用户应使用pkg命令:
# pkg install most
Debian/Ubuntu Linux在Linux中安装了大多数显示丰富多彩的手册页
运行以下apt-get命令或者apt命令:
$ sudo apt-get install most
或者
$ sudo apt install most
输出示例:
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: most 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 8 not upgraded. Need to get 44.0 kB of archives. After this operation, 121 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu eoan/universe amd64 most amd64 5.0.0a-4 [44.0 kB] Fetched 44.0 kB in 1s (48.3 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package most. (Reading database ... 235913 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../most_5.0.0a-4_amd64.deb ... Unpacking most (5.0.0a-4) ... Setting up most (5.0.0a-4) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.7-3) ... Processing triggers for mime-support (3.63ubuntu1) ..
在Fedora/RHEL/SL/CentOS Linux下最多安装?
首先,打开并在CentOS和RHEL 7.x上安装EPEL存储库(请参阅此处如何在CentOS 8和RHEL 8上安装EPEL存储库)。
执行以下yum命令以安装最多的软件包:
# yum install most
Fedora Linux用户应执行以下dnf命令:
$ sudo dnf install most
Arch Linux安装最多
尝试使用pacman命令:
sudo pacman -S most
输出示例:
pacman -S most resolving dependencies... looking for conflicting packages... Packages (1) most-5.1.0-1 Total Installed Size: 0.11 MiB :: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y (1/1) checking keys in keyring [###################] 100% (1/1) checking package integrity [###################] 100% (1/1) loading package files [###################] 100% (1/1) checking for file conflicts [###################] 100% (1/1) checking available disk space [###################] 100% :: Processing package changes... (1/1) installing most [###################] 100% :: Running post-transaction hooks... (1/1) Arming ConditionNeedsUpdate...
macOS安装最多
打开终端应用程序,并运行大多数命令:
brew install most
如何在Linux或者Unix中查看彩色手册页
输入以下命令来设置PAGER bash shell变量,执行:
export PAGER="most" ### 或者# export PAGER="/usr/bin/most -s"
我建议您在~/.bashrc文件中修改和设置称为PAGER的环境变量,如下所示:
echo 'export PAGER="most"' >> ~/.bashrc
有关CSH/TCSH Shell用户的说明
在CSH/tcsh shell用户中,执行以下命令:
## csh / tcsh syntax ## setenv PAGER /usr/local/bin/most
如何查看彩色手册页
尝试查看手册页以获取任何命令。
例如,要查看Linux date命令的手册页,请执行:
$ man date
要退出,请按q。
大多数命令摘要
像许多Unix命令一样,大多数命令都有大量的选项和键盘快捷键。
因此,我将总结常用的选项:
Quitting: Q Quit MOST. :N,:n Quit this file and view next. (Use UP/DOWN arrow keys to select next file.) Movement: SPACE, D *Scroll down one Screen. U, DELETE *Scroll Up one screen. RETURN, DOWN *Move Down one line. UP *Move Up one line. T Goto Top of File. B Goto Bottom of file. > , TAB Scroll Window right < Scroll Window left RIGHT Scroll Window left by 1 column LEFT Scroll Window right by 1 column J, G Goto line. % Goto percent. Window Commands: Ctrl-X 2, Ctrl-W 2 Split window. Ctrl-X 1, Ctrl-W 1 Make only one window. O, Ctrl-X O Move to other window. Ctrl-X 0 Delete Window. Searching: S, f, / *Search forward ? *Search Backward N *Find next in current search direction. Miscellaneous: W Toggle width between 80 and 132 char mode. Ctrl-X Ctrl-F Read a file from disk R, Ctrl-R Redraw Screen. F Simulate tail -f mode :o Toggle options: b-binary, w-wrap, t-tab E Edit file. Uses MOST_EDITOR and EDITOR environment variables. *Note: This command Jan be repeated `n' times By entering a number then the command key, e.g., '5 SPACE' moves 5 screens forward.