在Fedora 30/Fedora 29/28上安装Snapd和Snap应用程序
时间：2020-02-23 14:33:20 来源:igfitidea点击:
在这篇文章中，我们将介绍在Fedora 30和Fedora 29/28上安装和使用Snapd Service的步骤。
Snappy是一种来自Canonical的包管理和软件部署系统。
什么是snap？
snap：是包含应用程序代码的Squashfs文件系统和snap.yaml包含特定元数据的文件。
它具有只读文件系统，一旦安装，可写的区域。
是独立的。
它捆绑了它所需的大多数库和运行时间，可以在不影响其余系统的情况下更新和恢复，而不是通过安全机制从操作系统和其他应用程序限制，但可以根据细粒度交换内容和功能。
由用户控制的策略和OS默认值。
什么是snapd？
Snapd是一个REST API守护程序服务，它在Linux系统上运行，以管理Snap Packages("Snaps")。
它与Snap Store交互并提供命令客户端 snap用来与它互动。
我们必须在开始管理任何Linux发行版之前安装Snapd。
为什么使用snap？
Snap Packages为每个Linux桌面，服务器，云或者设备的任何应用程序。
SNAPS安装更快，更容易创建，更安全运行，他们自动更新，以便应用程序始终新鲜，从未被打破。
我们可以带来自己的构建基础架构或者使用我们的基础架构。
如何在Fedora 30/29/28上安装和使用Snapd
通过在终端中执行下面的命令在Fedora 30/Fedora 29/28上安装Snapd。
sudo dnf -y install snapd
等待安装完成，然后确认已安装的Snapd版本：
$rpm -qi snapd Name : snapd Version : 2.36 Release : 1.fc29 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Sat 17 Nov 2016 11:36:34 AM UTC Group : System Environment/Base Size : 53984174 License : GPLv3 Signature : RSA/SHA256, Sun 04 Nov 2016 05:14:04 PM UTC, Key ID a20aa56b429476b4 Source RPM : snapd-2.36-1.fc29.src.rpm Build Date : Sun 04 Nov 2016 05:00:32 PM UTC Build Host : buildvm-32.phx2.fedoraproject.org Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Fedora Project Vendor : Fedora Project URL : https://github.com/snapcore/snapd Bug URL : https://bugz.fedoraproject.org/snapd Summary : A transactional software package manager Description : Snappy is a modern, cross-distribution, transactional package manager designed for working with self-contained, immutable packages.
然后启用Snapd Socket：
$sudo systemctl enable --now snapd.socket Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/snapd.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/snapd.socket.
经典约束需要snap /snap或者符号链接 /snap到 /var/lib/snapd/snap。
为下面创建一个符号链接：
sudo ln -s /var/lib/snapd/snap /snap
Snapd现在已准备好使用。
我们使用snap命令与它交互。
请参阅以下帮助页面：
# snap --help
Usage:
snap [OPTIONS] <command>
Install, configure, refresh and remove snap packages. Snaps are
'universal' packages that work across many different Linux systems,
enabling secure distribution of the latest apps and utilities for
cloud, servers, desktops and the internet of things.
This is the CLI for snapd, a background service that takes care of
snaps on the system. Start with 'snap list' to see installed snaps.
Application Options:
--version Print the version and exit
Help Options:
-h, --help Show this help message
Available commands:
abort Abort a pending change
ack Adds an assertion to the system
alias Sets up a manual alias
aliases Lists aliases in the system
buy Buys a snap
changes List system changes
connect Connects a plug to a slot
disable Disables a snap in the system
disconnect Disconnects a plug from a slot
download Downloads the given snap
enable Enables a snap in the system
find Finds packages to install (aliases: search)
get Prints configuration options
help Help
info show detailed information about a snap
install Installs a snap to the system
interface Lists snap interfaces
interfaces Lists interfaces in the system
known Shows known assertions of the provided type
list List installed snaps
login Authenticates on snapd and the store
logout Log out of the store
logs Retrieve logs of services
pack pack the given target dir as a snap
prefer Prefer aliases from a snap and disable conflicts
refresh Refreshes a snap in the system
remove Removes a snap from the system
restart Restart services
revert Reverts the given snap to the previous state
run Run the given snap command
services Query the status of services
set Changes configuration options
start Start services
stop Stop services
switch Switches snap to a different channel
tasks List a change's tasks (aliases: change)
try Tests a snap in the system
unalias Unalias a manual alias or an entire snap
version Shows version details
watch Watch a change in progress
whoami Prints the email the user is logged in with.
如何在Fedora 30/29/28上安装Snap应用程序
这 snap命令用于在Snap Store上可用的snap交互。
搜索snap：
搜索snap，使用
$snap find <search terms>
这将查询商店并将结果列出其版本号，开发人员名称和描述。
我将为从Snap Store安装PowerShell的一个例子。
# snap search powershell Name Version Developer Notes Summary powershell-preview 6.2.0-preview.2 microsoft-powershell classic PowerShell for every system! powershell 6.1.1 microsoft-powershell classic PowerShell for every system!
通过运行安装Snap：
$sudo dnf install -y icu $sudo snap install powershell --classic powershell 6.1.1 from 'microsoft-powershell' installed
等下载完成，应该花费短时间完成。
由于二进制文件位于下面， /snap/bin/我们需要将此添加到 $PATH多变的。
$sudo vim /etc/profile export PATH="$PATH:/snap/bin/"
源文件以获取新路径
source /etc/profile
通过开始测试 pwsh会议。
# pwsh PowerShell 6.1.1 Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. https://aka.ms/pscore6-docs Type 'help' to get help. PS /root>
要列出已安装的snap：
# snap list Name Version Rev Developer Notes core 16-2.35.5 5742 canonical core node 10.13.0 1266 nodesource classic powershell 6.1.1 14 microsoft-powershell classic
通过运行手动更新snap snap refresh
# snap refresh powershell snap "powershell" has no updates available
删除扣篮
要删除Snap，我们需要执行的只是运行。 snap remove <snap name>在我们的案件中，做到：
# snap remove powershell powershell removed
检查snap信息：
使用命令 snap info检查有关snap包的更多信息。
[Hyman@theitroad ~]# snap info powershell name: powershell summary: PowerShell for every system! publisher: microsoft-powershell contact: https://github.com/powershell/powershell description: | PowerShell is an automation and configuration management platform. It consists of a cross-platform (Windows, Linux, and macOS) command-line shell and associated scripting language. See https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/powershell-core-support for support details. snap-id: JSNnoJl3EqkMuWoy5Dgq8PMqZ0uNcpie channels: stable: 6.1.1 (8) 59MB classic candidate: 6.1.1 (8) 59MB classic beta: 6.1.1 (8) 59MB classic edge: 6.1.1 (8) 59MB classic
滚回到以前的应用程序
使用 snap revert
$sudo snap revert <snap name>
