C# 如何更改注册表中的文件类型关联？
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How to change filetype association in the registry?
提问by Sergio Tapia
first time posting in StackOverflow. :D I need my software to add a couple of things in the registry.
第一次在 StackOverflow 发帖。:D 我需要我的软件在注册表中添加一些东西。
My program will use
我的程序将使用
Process.Start(@"blblabla.smc");
Process.Start(@"blblabla.smc");
to launch a file, but the problem is that most likely the user will not have a program set as default application for the particular file extension.
启动文件，但问题是用户很可能没有将程序设置为特定文件扩展名的默认应用程序。
How can I add file associations to the WindowsRegistry?
如何将文件关联添加到 WindowsRegistry？
采纳答案by ars
In addition to the answers already provided, you can accomplish this by calling the command line programs "ASSOC" and "FTYPE". FTYPE associates a file type with a program. ASSOC associates a file extension with the file type specified through FTYPE. For example:
除了已经提供的答案之外，您还可以通过调用命令行程序“ASSOC”和“FTYPE”来完成此操作。FTYPE 将文件类型与程序相关联。ASSOC 将文件扩展名与通过 FTYPE 指定的文件类型相关联。例如：
FTYPE SMCFile="C:\some_path\SMCProgram.exe" -some_option %1 %*
ASSOC .smc=SMCFile
This will make the necessary entries in the registry. For more information, type ASSOC /?or FTYPE /?at the command prompt.
这将在注册表中生成必要的条目。有关详细信息，请在命令提示符处键入ASSOC /?或FTYPE /?。
回答by J?rn Schou-Rode
If you are planning on providing an installer for your application, simply use the file association feature available in whatever installer framework you choose to use - even the Visual Studio setup project knows how to do this.
如果您计划为您的应用程序提供安装程序，只需使用您选择使用的任何安装程序框架中可用的文件关联功能 - 即使 Visual Studio 安装项目知道如何执行此操作。
To alter file type associations directly from your code, I believe you have to look into HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTand find/create a key with the extension you want to bind to (ie ".pdf"). Within this key, the default value is a string containing a reference to another key within HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT. Go follow that pointer, expand/create the shellsubkey and add/change your commands here. Look around this area with regeditto get the fealing of how it looks.
要直接从您的代码更改文件类型关联，我相信您必须查看HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT并找到/创建一个带有您要绑定到的扩展名的密钥（即“.pdf”）。在此键中，默认值是一个字符串，其中包含对 中另一个键的引用HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT。跟随该指针，展开/创建shell子项并在此处添加/更改您的命令。环顾此区域以regedit了解它的外观。
I have some C# code in a pet project of mine, which looks up the binding for PDF files and adds an extra option to their context menus. Feel free to have a look.
我在我的一个宠物项目中有一些 C# 代码，它查找 PDF 文件的绑定并在它们的上下文菜单中添加一个额外的选项。随意看看。
回答by jason
Use the Registryclass in Microsoft.Win32.
使用中的Registry类Microsoft.Win32。
Specifically, you want the ClassesRootproperty of Registryto access the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTkey (cf. Understanding MS Windows File Associationsand HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT: Core Services).
具体来说，您想要访问密钥的ClassesRoot属性（参见了解 MS Windows 文件关联和HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT：核心服务）。RegistryHKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
using Microsoft.Win32;
Registry
.ClassesRoot
.CreateSubKey(".smc")
.SetValue("", "SMC", RegistryValueKind.String);
Registry
.ClassesRoot
.CreateSubKey("SMC\shell\open\command")
.SetValue("", "SMCProcessor \"%1\"", RegistryValueKind.String);
Replace "SMCProcessor \"%1\""with the command-line path and argument specification for the program that you wish to associate with files with extension .smc.
替换"SMCProcessor \"%1\""为您希望与扩展名为.smc.
But, instead of messing with the registry, why not just say
但是，与其弄乱注册表，不如直接说
Process.Start("SMCProcessor blblabla.smc");
回答by Nick
Using Python:
使用 Python：
EXT, EXT_TYPE = ".xyz", "XYZ file"
EXE_PATH = r"path\to\my\exe"
# %L is the long (full path) version of path
extCmd = '"%s" "%%L" %%*' % EXE_PATH
# Using assoc and ftype easier than editing registry!
assert os.system('assoc %s=%s' % (EXT, EXT_TYPE))==0
assert os.system('ftype %s=%s' % (EXT_TYPE, extCmd))==0
Associating an icon with the extension type:
将图标与扩展类型关联：
import _winreg
try:
ext = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, EXT_TYPE)
_winreg.SetValue(ext, "DefaultIcon", _winreg.REG_SZ, ICON_PATH)
_winreg.CloseKey(ext)
except WindowsError:
print "Error associating icon"
Register the extension as an executable type (i.e. PATHEXT):
将扩展注册为可执行类型（即 PATHEXT）：
try:
key = r'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment'
reg = _winreg.ConnectRegistry( None, _winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE )
# get current value
ext = _winreg.OpenKey(reg, key)
pathext = _winreg.QueryValueEx(ext, 'PATHEXT')[0]
if not EXT in pathext:
_winreg.CloseKey(ext)
# modify the current value
ext = _winreg.OpenKey(reg, key, 0, _winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)
pathext += ';' + EXT
_winreg.SetValueEx(ext, 'PATHEXT', 0, _winreg.REG_SZ, pathext)
_winreg.CloseKey(ext)
_winreg.CloseKey(reg)
except WindowsError:
print "Error adding to PATHEXT"
Additionally, to get PATHEXT recognised without logging in again you can update the environment: (thanks to Enthought for this)
此外，要在不再次登录的情况下识别 PATHEXT，您可以更新环境：（感谢 Enthought 对此）
def refreshEnvironment():
HWND_BROADCAST = 0xFFFF
WM_SETTINGCHANGE = 0x001A
SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG = 0x0002
sParam = "Environment"
import win32gui
res1, res2 = win32gui.SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, sParam, SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 100)
