C# 如何找到可用的 COM 端口？
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How to find available COM ports?
提问by RV.
How to find available COM ports in my PC? I am using framework v1.1. Is it possible to find all COM ports? If possible, help me solve the problem.
如何在我的 PC 中找到可用的 COM 端口？我正在使用框架 v1.1。是否可以找到所有的 COM 端口？如果可能，请帮我解决问题。
采纳答案by Juanma
As others suggested, you can use WMI. You can find a sample in CodeProject
正如其他人建议的那样，您可以使用 WMI。您可以在 CodeProject 中找到示例
try
{
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher =
new ManagementObjectSearcher("root\WMI",
"SELECT * FROM MSSerial_PortName");
foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in searcher.Get())
{
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("MSSerial_PortName instance");
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("InstanceName: {0}", queryObj["InstanceName"]);
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("MSSerial_PortName instance");
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("PortName: {0}", queryObj["PortName"]);
//If the serial port's instance name contains USB
//it must be a USB to serial device
if (queryObj["InstanceName"].ToString().Contains("USB"))
{
Console.WriteLine(queryObj["PortName"] + "
is a USB to SERIAL adapter/converter");
}
}
}
catch (ManagementException e)
{
Console.WriteLine("An error occurred while querying for WMI data: " + e.Message);
}
回答by Vanuan
Framework v1.1 AFAIK doesn't allow you to do this.
Framework v1.1 AFAIK 不允许您这样做。
In 2.0 there is a static function
在 2.0 中有一个静态函数
SerialPort.GetPortNames()
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.io.ports.serialport.getportnames.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.io.ports.serialport.getportnames.aspx
回答by Richard
WMI contains a lot of hardware information. Query for instances of Win32_SerialPort.
WMI 包含很多硬件信息。查询Win32_SerialPort 的实例。
(OTOH I can't recall how much WMI query support was in .NET 1.1.)
（OTOH 我不记得 .NET 1.1 中有多少 WMI 查询支持。）
回答by Sesh
There is no support for SerialPort communication in .net v1.1. The most common solution for this was to use the MSCOMMCTL active X control from a VB6.0 installation (import into your .net project as a COM component from the add reference dialog box).
.net v1.1 不支持 SerialPort 通信。对此最常见的解决方案是使用 VB6.0 安装中的 MSCOMMCTL 活动 X 控件（从添加引用对话框作为 COM 组件导入到您的 .net 项目中）。
In later versions the Serial Port support is available through the System.IO.Ports name space. Also please note there is no API which will get you the list of free ports.
在更高版本中，串行端口支持可通过 System.IO.Ports 名称空间获得。另请注意，没有 API 可以为您提供免费端口列表。
You can get a list of all the port names and then try opening a connection. An exception occurs if the port is already in use.
您可以获得所有端口名称的列表，然后尝试打开连接。如果端口已在使用中，则会发生异常。
回答by wqw
Use QueryDosDeviceAPI function. This is a VB6 snippet:
使用QueryDosDeviceAPI 函数。这是一个 VB6 片段：
ReDim vRet(0 To 255)
sBuffer = String(100000, 1)
Call QueryDosDevice(0, sBuffer, Len(sBuffer))
sBuffer = Chr$(0) & sBuffer
For lIdx = 1 To 255
If InStr(1, sBuffer, Chr$(0) & "COM" & lIdx & Chr$(0), vbTextCompare) > 0 Then
vRet(lCount) = "COM" & lIdx
lCount = lCount + 1
End If
Next
回答by Steef
The available serial ports can also be found at the values at the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\hardware\devicemap\serialcommkey in the registry.
也可以HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\hardware\devicemap\serialcomm在注册表项的值中找到可用的串行端口。
回答by Hemant
How about asking a straight question from operating system:
从操作系统直接问一个问题怎么样：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
public class MyClass
{
private const uint GENERIC_ALL = 0x10000000;
private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
private const uint GENERIC_EXECUTE = 0x20000000;
private const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
public const int INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;
public static void Main()
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 32; i++)
Console.WriteLine ("Port {0}: {1}", i, PortExists (i));
}
private static bool PortExists (int number) {
SafeFileHandle h = CreateFile (@"\.\COM" + number.ToString (), GENERIC_READ + GENERIC_WRITE,
0, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
bool portExists = !h.IsInvalid;
if (portExists)
h.Close ();
return portExists;
}
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
private static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFile (string lpFileName, System.UInt32 dwDesiredAccess,
System.UInt32 dwShareMode, IntPtr pSecurityAttributes, System.UInt32 dwCreationDisposition,
System.UInt32 dwFlagsAndAttributes, IntPtr hTemplateFile);
}
回答by Joe Pitz
Since you are using .net 1.1 one option is to use the AxMSCommLib control.
由于您使用的是 .net 1.1，因此一种选择是使用 AxMSCommLib 控件。
Here is a web page that assisted me in starting to use AxMSCommLib control. There is even a FindDevicePort() method listed that can be easily modified.
这是一个帮助我开始使用 AxMSCommLib 控件的网页。甚至列出了可以轻松修改的 FindDevicePort() 方法。
I have since switched to System.IO.Ports which appears to be much more robust.
从那以后，我切换到 System.IO.Ports，它似乎更加健壮。
http://www.devhood.com/tutorials/tutorial_details.aspx?tutorial_id=320
http://www.devhood.com/tutorials/tutorial_details.aspx?tutorial_id=320
Thanks
谢谢
Joe
乔
回答by Aishwarya
Maybe you will find this useful?
也许你会发现这很有用？
I am showing you a simple way to check all the COM ports in you PC. To get started follow these steps:
我向您展示了一种检查 PC 中所有 COM 端口的简单方法。要开始，请按照以下步骤操作：
- Create a WinForms application in Visual Studio.
- Darg and drop a comboBox in your form and name it comboBoxCOMPORT
Copy the following code and paste after the public Form1() method (autogenerated).
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string[] ports = SerialPort.GetPortNames(); comboBoxCOMPORT.Items.AddRange(ports); }- Run the app and click on drop down arrow on the comboBox to reveal all the available COM PORTS.
- 在 Visual Studio 中创建 WinForms 应用程序。
- 在表单中拖放一个组合框并将其命名为 comboBoxCOMPORT
复制以下代码并粘贴到公共 Form1() 方法（自动生成）之后。
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string[] ports = SerialPort.GetPortNames(); comboBoxCOMPORT.Items.AddRange(ports); }- 运行应用程序并单击组合框上的下拉箭头以显示所有可用的 COM 端口。
The above method works for Edgeport USB-to-serial converters as well as virtual ports. I implemented this in my project and works smoothly. Let me know if I can provide any further assistance.
上述方法适用于 Edgeport USB 到串行转换器以及虚拟端口。我在我的项目中实现了这个并且工作顺利。如果我能提供任何进一步的帮助，请告诉我。
