在Linux上如何查看硬盘信息
时间：2019-11-20 08:53:26 来源:igfitidea点击:
在Linux中，如何查看硬盘的总线类型，大小，型号等信息？
Linux查看硬盘驱动器信息的命令是什么？
使用lsblk命令查看硬盘信息
使用lsblk命令查看块设备信息：
# lsblk # lsblk /dev/DISK # lsblk /dev/sda
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm / └─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
查看所有磁盘及其名称：
# ls -lF /dev/disk/by-id/
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Dec 29 09:14 ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001 -> ../../sr0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 29 09:14 dm-name-centos-root -> ../../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 29 09:14 dm-name-centos-swap -> ../../dm-1 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 29 09:14 dm-uuid-LVM-TD3OtGEIyfjUU3asC2sbi6bgWqvn1Nfl3Y2EwA3Dq1YDck35cuMMuKt2u8q64MB3 -> ../../dm-1 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 29 09:14 dm-uuid-LVM-TD3OtGEIyfjUU3asC2sbi6bgWqvn1Nfly77P0o0WwnRt1bypDcOVBtMmO93sia4D -> ../../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 29 09:14 lvm-pv-uuid-22xvei-rylM-x8IX-fuVD-SRoN-EfVb-mZgWzl -> ../../sda2
Linux如何查看硬盘的UUID
执行blkid命令：
# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="fe41e0dd-0ec2-4d88-9f67-2289eec04da0" TYPE="xfs" /dev/sda2: UUID="22xvei-rylM-x8IX-fuVD-SRoN-EfVb-mZgWzl" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/sr0: UUID="2020-04-22-00-54-00-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos" /dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="479e3cb1-5ccc-418e-b7c0-d025998e9996" TYPE="xfs" /dev/mapper/centos-swap: UUID="779ab98c-d315-4b80-b8b9-c299b66bfbd7" TYPE="swap"
hdparm命令
查看有关/dev/sda的信息：
# hdparm -I /dev/sda
或者
$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda
输出示例：
/dev/sda:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: ST3500630AS
Serial Number: YZ845YZX03
Firmware Revision: 3.AAK
Standards:
Supported: 7 6 5 4
Likely used: 7
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
--
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 976773168
device size with M = 1024*1024: 476940 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 500107 MBytes (500 GB)
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
Recommended acoustic management value: 254, current value: 0
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Checksum: correct
lshw命令
使用apt-get或yum命令安装lshw命令。
查看系统中的所有磁盘和控制器：
# lshw -class disk -class storage
输出示例：
*-ide
description: IDE interface
product: 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 7.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:07.1
logical name: scsi2
version: 01
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: ide isa_compat_mode pci_native_mode bus_master emulated
configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=64
resources: irq:0 ioport:1f0(size=8) ioport:3f6 ioport:170(size=8) ioport:376 ioport:10c0(size=16)
*-cdrom
description: DVD-RAM writer
product: VMware IDE CDR10
vendor: NECVMWar
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/cdrom
logical name: /dev/sr0
version: 1.00
capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram
configuration: ansiversion=5 status=ready
*-medium
physical id: 0
logical name: /dev/cdrom
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: signature=26065fed
*-scsi
description: SCSI storage controller
product: 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI
vendor: Broadcom / LSI
physical id: 10
bus info: pci@0000:00:10.0
logical name: scsi0
version: 01
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: scsi bus_master rom scsi-host
configuration: driver=mptspi latency=64 maxlatency=255 mingnt=6
resources: irq:17 ioport:1400(size=256) memory:c8040000-c805ffff memory:c8020000-c803ffff memory:c0008000-c000bfff
*-disk
description: SCSI Disk
product: VMware Virtual S
vendor: VMware,
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: 1.0
size: 20GiB (21GB)
capabilities: 7200rpm partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=2 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=512 signature=00009758
Linux查看所有磁盘设备
使用lshw命令将快速列出已安装的磁盘，包括光驱：
# lshw -short -C disk
输出示例：
H/W path Device Class Description ============================================================ /0/100/7.1/0.0.0 /dev/cdrom disk VMware IDE CDR10 /0/100/7.1/0.0.0/0 /dev/cdrom disk /0/100/10/0.0.0 /dev/sda disk 21GB VMware Virtual S
使用fdisk命令搜索系统中的磁盘：
# fdisk -l # fdisk -l | grep '^Disk /dev/' # fdisk -l | grep '^Disk /dev/' | egrep -v '/dev/(loop|mapper|md)'
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
smartctl命令
smartctl命令是SMART磁盘的控制和监视实用程序。
查看/dev/sda(SATA磁盘)的信息：
# smartctl -d scsi -a -i /dev/sda
输出示例：
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Vendor: VMware, Product: VMware Virtual S Revision: 1.0 User Capacity: 21,474,836,480 bytes [21.4 GB] Logical block size: 512 bytes Device type: disk Local Time is: Tue Jan 5 08:40:04 2017 EST SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability. === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === Current Drive Temperature: 0 C Drive Trip Temperature: 0 C Error Counter logging not supported Device does not support Self Test logging
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