如何使用yum在RHEL/CentOS 6/7/8上安装tar
时间:2020-01-09 10:41:01 来源:igfitidea点击:
执行tar xvf file.tar.gz时,报错bash: tar: command not found
,如何解决这个问题?
如何使用yum命令在CentOS/RHEL版本8、7或6桌面上安装tar?
GNU tar是一个免费的开源软件包,用于存档文件。
GNU/tar可能未安装在您的系统上。
本教程将学习"如何在CentOS或Red Hat Linux上使用yum命令安装tar"。
如何在RHEL/CentOS上安装tar
在Red Hat Enterprise Linux上安装tar的过程:
- 打开终端应用程序
- 搜索tar应用程序,运行:
sudo yum search tar
- 在CentOS/RHEL上安装tar,运行:
sudo yum install tar
- 在CentOS/RHEL 6/7/8 Linux上升级tar,运行:
sudo yum update tar
。
让我们详细查看所有命令和示例。
如何使用yum安装tar命令
打开终端应用程序或使用ssh客户端登录,然后执行以下yum命令以在CentOS/RHEL 6/7/8上安装tar:
sudo yum search tar
获取有关tar包的信息
执行以下yum命令:
sudo yum list tar
输出示例:
Last metadata expiration check: 0:12:50 ago on Wed Jun 24 13:29:35 2020. Available Packages tar.i686 2:1.30-4.el8 BaseOS tar.x86_64 2:1.30-4.el8 BaseOS
执行以下命令:
yum info tar.x86_64
输出示例:
Last metadata expiration check: 0:33:46 ago on Mon Dec 16 16:39:38 2019. Available Packages Name : tar Epoch : 2 Version : 1.30 Release : 4.el8 Arch : x86_64 Size : 838 k Source : tar-1.30-4.el8.src.rpm Repo : BaseOS Summary : A GNU file archiving program URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/ License : GPLv3+ Description : The GNU tar program saves many files together in one archive and can : restore individual files (or all of the files) from that archive. Tar : can also be used to add supplemental files to an archive and to update : or list files in the archive. Tar includes multivolume support, : automatic archive compression/decompression, the ability to perform : remote archives, and the ability to perform incremental and full : backups. : : If you want to use tar for remote backups, you also need to install : the rmt package on the remote box.
在CentOS或RHEL上安装tar
最后在您的CentOS或RHEL机器上安装gnu/tar:
sudo yum update sudo yum install tar
我们在CentOS或RHEL上安装了tar。
让我们验证GNU/tar版本。
类型:
tar --version
输出示例:
tar (GNU tar) 1.30 Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Written by John Gilmore and Jay Fenlason.
如何在Linux中使用tar命令
现在,RHEL上的tar安装在RHEL上。
让我们看一些tar命令示例。
语法为:
tar [options] file
提取tar.gz存档
假设您有一个wordpress.tar.gz档案,需要将其解压缩,然后运行:
tar -xvzf wordpress.tar.gz
wordpress/ wordpress/xmlrpc.php wordpress/wp-blog-header.php wordpress/readme.html wordpress/wp-signup.php wordpress/index.php wordpress/wp-cron.php wordpress/wp-config-sample.php wordpress/wp-login.php wordpress/wp-settings.php wordpress/license.txt wordpress/wp-content/ wordpress/wp-content/themes/ wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen/ wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen/footer.php wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen/template-parts/ wordpress/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen/template-parts/content/ .... ... .... wordpress/wp-admin/widgets.php wordpress/wp-admin/setup-config.php wordpress/wp-admin/install.php wordpress/wp-admin/admin-header.php wordpress/wp-admin/post-new.php wordpress/wp-admin/themes.php wordpress/wp-admin/options-reading.php wordpress/wp-trackback.php wordpress/wp-comments-post.php
其中:
- x提取文件。
- v详细输出。
- z处理压缩文件
f
提取名为wordpress.tar.gz的文件
如何将文件提取到特定目录
要将所有文件提取到指定目录(例如/tmp /)中,请将-C选项传递给tar命令
tar -xvzf wordpress.tar.gz -C /tmp/
仅从tar包提取单个文件
假设您要获取README.txt,请运行:
tar -xvzf wordpress.tar.gz README.txt
一个可以使用通配符提取多个文件。
例如,所有* .txt或* .php文件,运行:
tar -xvzf wordpress.tar.gz *.php tar -xvzf wordpress.tar.gz *.txt
如何列出和搜索tar归档文件的内容
通过-ztvf,如下所示:
tar -ztvf wordpress.tar.gz
输出示例:
drwxr-xr-x nobody/nogroup 0 2019-12-12 21:33 wordpress/ -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 3150 2019-07-01 08:01 wordpress/xmlrpc.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 369 2016-11-30 23:11 wordpress/wp-blog-header.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 7368 2019-09-02 21:44 wordpress/readme.html -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 31112 2019-09-03 00:41 wordpress/wp-signup.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 420 2016-11-30 23:11 wordpress/index.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 3955 2019-10-10 22:52 wordpress/wp-cron.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 2898 2019-01-08 04:30 wordpress/wp-config-sample.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 47597 2019-12-09 13:30 wordpress/wp-login.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 19120 2019-10-15 15:37 wordpress/wp-settings.php -rw-r--r-- nobody/nogroup 19935 2019-01-01 20:37 wordpress/license.txt drwxr-xr-x nobody/nogroup 0 2019-12-12 21:33 wordpress/wp-content/ drwxr-xr-x nobody/nogroup 0 2019-12-12 21:33 wordpress/wp-content/themes/
使用grep命令搜索文件:
tar -ztvf wordpress.tar.gz | grep INSTALL.txt
如何创建tar包存档
语法为:
tar -cvf backups.tar /var/www/html/
通过gzip添加压缩:
tar -zcvf backups.tar.gz /var/www/html/
要应用bzip2压缩并创建tar包,请运行
tar -jcvf backups.tar.bz2 /var/www/html/
可以使用以下语法提取此类文件:
tar -jxvf backups.tar.bz2 ## gzip compression ## tar -jxvf backups.tar.bz2 ## bzip2 compression ##