如何在Debian 9/Debian 10上安装PHP 8.0
PHP强大的Web开发脚本语言。
可以在Linux，Windows，MacOS和UNIX系统上执行任何PHP脚本，并安装了PHP运行时。
由于本文编写PHP 8可用于在Debian 10上安装Debian 9 Linux机器。

PHP 8的官方发布于2017年11月26日。
这一主要发布的PHP具有许多新功能和性能改进。

第1步：更新系统

在Debian 10上开始安装PHP 8之前| Debian 9将系统更新到最新版本。

sudo apt update
sudo apt -y upgrade

由于可能存在内核更新，因此在升级后考虑系统重新启动。

sudo reboot

第2步：添加SURýAPT存储库

deb.sury.org存储库中提供了Debian的PHP 8软件包。
安装所需的依赖项。

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y lsb-release ca-certificates apt-transport-https software-properties-common

将PHP包APT存储库添加到Debian Server。

echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/$(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sury-php.list

导入存储库密钥：

wget -qO - https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg | sudo apt-key add 

执行包索引更新以确认已添加存储库：

$sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://mirror.hetzner.de/debian/packages buster InRelease
Hit:2 http://security.debian.org buster/updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://mirror.hetzner.de/debian/packages buster-updates InRelease
Hit:4 http://mirror.hetzner.de/debian/packages buster-backports InRelease
Hit:5 http://mirror.hetzner.de/debian/security buster/updates InRelease
Hit:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease
Hit:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease
Hit:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports InRelease
Get:9 https://packages.sury.org/php buster InRelease [6,759 B]
Get:10 https://packages.sury.org/php buster/main amd64 Packages [148 kB]
Fetched 155 kB in 2s (83.2 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
7 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

第3步：在Debian 10上安装PHP 8 | Debian 9.

使用存储库添加，我们可以开始在Debian 10上安装PHP 8.0 | Debian 9：

sudo apt update 
sudo apt install php8.0

点击Y键开始安装：

....
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  apache2-bin libapache2-mod-php8.0 libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libbrotli1 libgdbm-compat4 libjansson4 liblua5.2-0 libperl5.28
  libsodium23 perl php-common php8.0-cli php8.0-common php8.0-opcache php8.0-readline psmisc
Suggested packages:
  apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine | apache2-suexec-custom www-browser php-pear perl-doc libterm-readline-gnu-perl | libterm-readline-perl-perl make
  libb-debug-perl liblocale-codes-perl
Recommended packages:
  apache2
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apache2-bin libapache2-mod-php8.0 libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libbrotli1 libgdbm-compat4 libjansson4 liblua5.2-0 libperl5.28
  libsodium23 perl php-common php8.0 php8.0-cli php8.0-common php8.0-opcache php8.0-readline psmisc
0 upgraded, 20 newly installed, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
Need to get 10.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 55.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

在服务器上确认默认PHP版本：

$php -v
PHP 8.0.0RC3 (cli) (built: Nov  3 2017 14:33:19) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.0.0-dev, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v8.0.0RC3, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies

第4步：在Debian 10上安装PHP 8扩展| Debian 9.

在Debian 10上安装PHP 8扩展| Debian 9使用以下命令语法：

sudo apt install php8.0-<extension>

其中：<扩展>替换为实际的扩展名。

一些可用的扩展如下所示：

$sudo apt install php8.0
php8.0-bcmath            php8.0-curl-dbgsym       php8.0-gmp-dbgsym        php8.0-mysql             php8.0-pspell-dbgsym     php8.0-tidy
php8.0-bcmath-dbgsym     php8.0-dba               php8.0-imap              php8.0-mysql-dbgsym      php8.0-readline          php8.0-tidy-dbgsym
php8.0-bz2               php8.0-dba-dbgsym        php8.0-imap-dbgsym       php8.0-odbc              php8.0-readline-dbgsym   php8.0-xdebug
php8.0-bz2-dbgsym        php8.0-dev               php8.0-interbase         php8.0-odbc-dbgsym       php8.0-snmp              php8.0-xml
php8.0-cgi               php8.0-enchant           php8.0-interbase-dbgsym  php8.0-opcache           php8.0-snmp-dbgsym       php8.0-xml-dbgsym
php8.0-cgi-dbgsym        php8.0-enchant-dbgsym    php8.0-intl              php8.0-opcache-dbgsym    php8.0-soap              php8.0-xsl
php8.0-cli               php8.0-fpm               php8.0-intl-dbgsym       php8.0-pgsql             php8.0-soap-dbgsym       php8.0-zip
php8.0-cli-dbgsym        php8.0-fpm-dbgsym        php8.0-ldap              php8.0-pgsql-dbgsym      php8.0-sqlite3           php8.0-zip-dbgsym
php8.0-common            php8.0-gd                php8.0-ldap-dbgsym       php8.0-phpdbg            php8.0-sqlite3-dbgsym
php8.0-common-dbgsym     php8.0-gd-dbgsym         php8.0-mbstring          php8.0-phpdbg-dbgsym     php8.0-sybase
php8.0-curl              php8.0-gmp               php8.0-mbstring-dbgsym   php8.0-pspell            php8.0-sybase-dbgsym

例子：

sudo apt install php8.0-{mysql,cli,common,imap,ldap,xml,fpm,curl,mbstring,zip}

使用Y键接受安装提示。

The following additional packages will be installed:
  libc-client2007e libonig5 libxslt1.1 libzip4 mlock
Suggested packages:
  uw-mailutils php-pear
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libc-client2007e libonig5 libxslt1.1 libzip4 mlock php8.0-curl php8.0-fpm php8.0-imap php8.0-ldap php8.0-mbstring php8.0-mysql php8.0-xml php8.0-zip
0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
Need to get 3,308 kB of archives.
After this operation, 10.3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

使用与存储库中可用的所有其他PHP扩展的安装格式相同。
要检查加载的PHP模块，请使用命令：

$php -m