Zypper软件包管理
时间：2019-04-29 03:17:30 来源:igfitidea点击:
Zypper是在SLES和openSUSE Linux系统上使用的软件包管理工具。
Zypper-命令行界面
zypper是本机ZYpp软件包管理器的命令行界面。zypper主要在SLES（SUSE Linux Enterprise Server）和openSUSE发行版中找到。zypper用于安装，删除，更新和查询软件包。
安装软件包：zypper install packagename
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper install htop Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... Resolving package dependencies... The following NEW package is going to be installed: htop 1 new package to install. Overall download size: 63.0 KiB. After the operation, additional 141.0 KiB will be used. Continue? [y/n/?] (y): y Retrieving package htop-0.9-16.1.3.i586 (1/1), 63.0 KiB (141.0 KiB unpacked) Retrieving: htop-0.9-16.1.3.i586.rpm [done] Installing: htop-0.9-16.1.3 [done]
删除软件包：zypper remove packagename
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper remove htop Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... Resolving package dependencies... The following package is going to be REMOVED: htop 1 package to remove. After the operation, 141.0 KiB will be freed. Continue? [y/n/?] (y): y Removing htop-0.9-16.1.3 [done]
上面的删除选项将删除指定的程序包。同样，该命令可以缩短为zypper rm htop。
显示存储库：zypper repos
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper repos # | Alias | Name | Enabled | Refresh --+------------------------------------+------------------------------------+---------+-------- 1 | Updates-for-openSUSE-12.1-12.1-1.4 | Updates for openSUSE 12.1 12.1-1.4 | Yes | Yes 2 | openSUSE-12.1-12.1-1.4 | openSUSE-12.1-12.1-1.4 | Yes | No 3 | repo-debug | openSUSE-12.1-Debug | No | Yes 4 | repo-debug-update | openSUSE-12.1-Update-Debug | No | Yes
列出可用更新：zypper list-updates
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper list-updates Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... S | Repository | Name | Current Version | Available Version | Arch --+------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+------- v | Updates for openSUSE 12.1 12.1-1.4 | MozillaFirefox | 17.0-2.54.1 | 19.0-2.62.1 | i586 v | Updates for openSUSE 12.1 12.1-1.4 | MozillaFirefox-translations-common | 17.0-2.54.1 | 19.0-2.62.1 | i586 v | Updates for openSUSE 12.1 12.1-1.4 | ca-certificates-mozilla | 1.85-3.7.1 | 1.85-3.11.1 | noarch
上面显示了当前安装的软件及其版本号，以及该软件的最新可用版本。由于完整列表的大小相当大，因此上述示例的输出已缩短。
更新包：zypper update
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper update Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... The following NEW package is going to be installed: gconf2-lang Continue? [y/n/?] (y): y
如果我们重新运行zypper list-updates命令，我们应该看到所有软件包都是最新的：
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper list-updates Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... No updates found.
检查安装的软件包
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper search S | Name | Summary | Type --+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------+----- i | 81 | parallel-printer-support: initial release for 12.1 | patch | 844-ksc-pcf | Korean 8x4x4 Johab Fonts
在上面的示例中，我们执行了zypper search命令。这将列出所有包装信息。输出以表格格式显示。第一列列出状态S。如果存在i，则表示该软件包已安装。v表示已安装另一个版本，空白表示尚未安装该软件包
查询某个包
linux-pd5y:~ # zypper search samba Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... S | Name | Summary | Type --+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+----------- | kdebase3-samba | KDE Base package: Windows Connection Module | package i | samba | A SMB/CIFS File, Print, and Authentication Server | package | samba | A SMB/CIFS File, Print, and Authentication Server | srcpackage
