Redhat/CentOS安装Memcached缓存系统

时间:2020-01-09 10:43:24  来源:igfitidea点击:

如何安装本质上通用的高性能,分布式"内存对象缓存系统"" memcached",旨在通过减轻CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Redhat Linux下的数据库负载来加速动态Web应用程序?

Memcached是用于MySQL的非常快速的缓存系统。
它使用libevent或者epoll(Linux运行时)扩展到任意数量的打开连接,并使用非阻塞网络I/O。

必需的软件包

  • " memcached":高性能的分布式内存对象缓存。
  • memcached-selinux:支持memcached的SELinux策略模块。
  • perl-Cache-Memcached:memcached的Perl客户端。
  • php-pecl-memcache:PHP客户端/扩展程序,可与Memcached缓存守护进程一起使用。
  • python-memcached:一个Python memcached客户端库。

步骤1:开启EPEL Repo

执行以下命令以启用EPEL存储库,该存储库包含必需的内存缓存包。

rpm -Uvh http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-3.noarch.rpm

步骤2:安装memcached

执行以下命令以安装具有php扩展名的memcached:

# yum install memcached php-pecl-memcache memcached-selinux

输出示例:

Loaded plugins: downloadonly, rhnplugin, security, verify
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package memcached.x86_64 0:1.2.8-1.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==============================================================================================================================================================
Package                                Arch                                Version                                   Repository                         Size
==============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
memcached                              x86_64                              1.2.8-1.el5                               epel                               60 k

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================
Install      1 Package(s)         
Update       0 Package(s)         
Remove       0 Package(s)         

Total download size: 60 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
memcached-1.2.8-1.el5.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                       |  60 kB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing     : memcached                                                                                                                              1/1 

Installed:
  memcached.x86_64 0:1.2.8-1.el5                                                                                                                              

Complete!

步骤3:配置memcached

编辑/etc/sysconfig/memcached,执行:

# vi /etc/sysconfig/memcached

如下更新:

PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
# max connection 2048
MAXCONN="2048"
# set ram size to 2048 - 2GiB
CACHESIZE="4096"
# listen to loopback ip 127.0.0.1, for network connection use real ip e.g., 10.0.0.4
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1"

上面的代码将启动memcached作为守护程序,使用4GB内存,并侦听IP 127.0.0.1的端口11211。
保存并关闭文件。

步骤4:运行memcached

输入以下命令以启动memcached,执行:

# chkconfig memcached on
# service memcached start

要停止/重新启动,请使用以下命令:

# service memcached stop
# service memcached restart

如何查看内存Memcached平板?

执行以下命令:

# memcached-tool IP_ADDRESS:Port
# memcached-tool IP_ADDRESS:Port display
# memcached-tool 127.0.0.1:11211

输出示例:

#  Item_Size   Max_age  1MB_pages Count   Full?
  1     104 B     5134 s       1      10      no
  2     136 B     5135 s       1      40      no
  3     176 B        0 s       1       0      no
  4     224 B     2648 s       1       7      no
  8     552 B     1810 s       1      12      no
  9     696 B     1810 s       1       6      no
10     872 B     2935 s       1       8      no
11     1.1 kB    4262 s       1      18      no
12     1.3 kB    2990 s       1      23      no
13     1.7 kB    2434 s       1      22      no
14     2.1 kB    3489 s       1      11      no
15     2.6 kB    2964 s       1      16      no
16     3.3 kB    2861 s       1      14      no
17     4.1 kB    2076 s       1       5      no
18     5.2 kB    2981 s       1       5      no
20     8.1 kB      64 s       1       1      no
21    10.1 kB    1865 s       1       3      no
29    60.2 kB    1550 s       1       2      no

我如何查看内存Memcached统计信息?

执行以下命令:

# memcached-tool IP_Address:Port stats
# memcached-tool 127.0.0.1:11211 stats

输出示例:

#127.0.0.1:11211   Field       Value
         accepting_conns           1
                   bytes      399395
              bytes_read      504797
           bytes_written    17313658
               cmd_flush           0
                 cmd_get        1141
                 cmd_set         248
   connection_structures           9
        curr_connections           5
              curr_items         205
               evictions           0
                get_hits         898
              get_misses         243
          limit_maxbytes  1073741824
     listen_disabled_num           0
                     pid       40159
            pointer_size          64
           rusage_system    0.227965
             rusage_user    0.034994
                 threads           5
                    time  1255803547
       total_connections         344
             total_items         259
                  uptime        5829
                 version       1.2.8