Linux 使用 awk 对齐文本文件中的列？
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14095011/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
Using awk to align columns in text file?
提问by Sandra Schlichting
Would awkbe useful to convert "Input" to "Desired output"?
将awk被转换成“输入”有用的“所需的输出”？
Input
输入
testing speed of encryption
test 0 (64 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 2250265 operations in 1 seconds (36004240 bytes)
test 1 (128 bit key, 64 byte blocks): 879149 operations in 1 seconds (56265536 bytes)
test 2 (128 bit key, 256 byte blocks): 258978 operations in 1 seconds (66298368 bytes)
test 3 (128 bit key, 1024 byte blocks): 68218 operations in 1 seconds (69855232 bytes)
test 4 (128 bit key, 8192 byte blocks): 8614 operations in 1 seconds (70565888 bytes)
test 10 (256 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 1790881 operations in 1 seconds (3654096 bytes)
Desired output
期望输出
testing speed of encryption
test 0 (64 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 2250265 operations in 1 seconds (36004240 bytes)
test 1 (128 bit key, 64 byte blocks): 879149 operations in 1 seconds (56265536 bytes)
test 2 (128 bit key, 256 byte blocks): 258978 operations in 1 seconds (66298368 bytes)
test 3 (128 bit key, 1024 byte blocks): 68218 operations in 1 seconds (69855232 bytes)
test 4 (128 bit key, 8192 byte blocks): 8614 operations in 1 seconds (70565888 bytes)
test 10 (256 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 1790881 operations in 1 seconds (3654096 bytes)
采纳答案by Chris Seymour
A trick to align right using columnis to use rev:
使用正确对齐的技巧column是使用rev：
$ head -1 file; tail -n+2 file | rev | column -t | rev
testing speed of encryption
test 0 (64 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 2250265 operations in 1 seconds (36004240 bytes)
test 1 (128 bit key, 64 byte blocks): 879149 operations in 1 seconds (56265536 bytes)
test 2 (128 bit key, 256 byte blocks): 258978 operations in 1 seconds (66298368 bytes)
test 3 (128 bit key, 1024 byte blocks): 68218 operations in 1 seconds (69855232 bytes)
test 4 (128 bit key, 8192 byte blocks): 8614 operations in 1 seconds (70565888 bytes)
test 10 (256 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 1790881 operations in 1 seconds (3654096 bytes)
回答by Mike Sherrill 'Cat Recall'
Yes. Look at the syntax for awk's printf() function. Abbreviated sample code . . .
是的。查看 awk 的 printf() 函数的语法。缩写示例代码。. .
{
printf("%s %2s ", , );
printf("%4s %s %s ", , , );
printf("%4s %s %s ", , , );
printf("%7s\n", );
}
Output.
输出。
test 0 (64 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 2250265
test 1 (128 bit key, 64 byte blocks): 879149
test 2 (128 bit key, 256 byte blocks): 258978
test 3 (128 bit key, 1024 byte blocks): 68218
test 4 (128 bit key, 8192 byte blocks): 8614
test 10 (256 bit key, 16 byte blocks): 1790881
There are several ways to pass the "heading" through unmodified. This way assumes it's always on the first line of the file.
有几种方法可以通过未修改的“标题”传递。这种方式假设它总是在文件的第一行。
NR==1 { print awk '
FNR==1 { if (NR==FNR) print; next }
NR==FNR {
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)
w[i] = (w[i] <= length($i) ? length($i) : w[i])
next
}
{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)
printf "%*s",w[i]+(i>1?1:0),$i
print ""
}
' file file
}
NR>1 {
printf("%s %2s ", , );
printf("%4s %s %s ", , , );
printf("%4s %s %s ", , , );
printf("%7s\n", );
}
