问题描述：我可以使用标准的UNIX/Linux命令行实用工具来测量网络吞吐量和数据包丢失。
如何查找Linux下的Apache之类的Web服务器的侦听和吞吐量？

解决方法：您需要使用名为httping的程序。
它允许您测量Web服务器的延迟和吞吐量。

在主机www.theitroad.local上Ping Web服务器

使用以下命令测量延迟。
按CTRL + c退出程序。
它将显示测量结果的摘要。

$ httping -g http://www.theitroad.local

输出：

PING www.theitroad.local:80 (http://www.theitroad.local):
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=0 time=981.08 ms 
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=1 time=709.92 ms 
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=2 time=1072.02 ms 
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=3 time=903.81 ms 
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=4 time=607.84 ms 
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=5 time=660.01 ms 
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=6 time=730.12 ms 
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=7 time=781.49 ms

-g url选项用于选择要探测/ping的URL。
您还可以使用-p port选项指定端口：

$ httping -g http://www.theitroad.local -p 81

您还可以使用SSL进行连接，要使其正常工作，您需要提供https网址或者443端口号：

$ httping -l -g https://www.theitroad.local

或者

$ httping -g http://www.theitroad.local -p 443

测量Web服务器的吞吐量

-G选项强制执行GET请求而不是HEAD请求，这意味着还必须传输完整的页面/文件。
您还需要将-b选项与-G选项一起传递，以获取传输速度(以KB/s为单位)。

$ httping -Gbg http://www.theitroad.local/

输出：

PING www.theitroad.local:80 (http://www.theitroad.local/):
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=0 time=1738.39 ms  22KB/s
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=1 time=1650.19 ms  20KB/s
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=2 time=1759.65 ms  17KB/s
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=3 time=1589.98 ms  21KB/s
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=4 time=3709.87 ms  6KB/s
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=5 time=3329.69 ms  7KB/s
....
.....
--- http://www.theitroad.local/ ping statistics --
53 connects, 53 ok, 0.00% failed
round-trip min/avg/max = 1451.9/2013.6/11656.0 ms
Transfer speed: min/avg/max = 6/19/24 KB

请注意以上命令中的您不再测量延迟！

您还可以将-X选项与-G一起使用，以显示传输的数据量(不包括标题)：

$ httping -XGbg http://www.theitroad.local/

输出：

PING www.theitroad.local:80 (http://www.theitroad.local/):
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=0 time=1576.11 ms  22KB/s 19KB
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=1 time=2620.26 ms  9KB/s 19KB
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=2 time=1507.69 ms  23KB/s 19KB
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=3 time=1522.08 ms  24KB/s 19KB
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=4 time=1533.68 ms  23KB/s 19KB
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=5 time=1581.92 ms  21KB/s 19KB
connected to www.theitroad.local:80, seq=6 time=1512.06 ms  24KB/s 19KB
--- http://www.theitroad.local/ ping statistics --
7 connects, 7 ok, 0.00% failed
round-trip min/avg/max = 1507.7/1693.4/2620.3 ms
Transfer speed: min/avg/max = 9/21/24 KB

测试远程服务器CPU

-B选项和-G选项一起要求HTTP服务器压缩返回的数据，这将减少连接带宽的影响，同时增加HTTP服务器的处理器能力的影响。

$ httping -BGg http://www.theitroad.local/

Flood网络服务器

ping的-f选项用于泛滥ping，即在每个ping之间不会闲置，而是以计算机和网络允许的ping速度(不要在生产服务器或者第三方服务器上运行此命令)：

$ httping -fg http://www.theitroad.local/