Linux insmod：init_module 失败（Exec 格式错误）
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insmod: init_module failed (Exec format error)
提问by user12295
I'm able to compile kernel module for Galaxy S4 Kernel 3.4.xx but I get following errors during module insertion. could someone please shed some light on what's missing here.
我能够为 Galaxy S4 Kernel 3.4.xx 编译内核模块，但在模块插入过程中出现以下错误。有人可以解释一下这里缺少什么吗？
The kernel module is a plain helloworld module with basic init and cleanup functions.
内核模块是一个普通的 helloworld 模块，具有基本的初始化和清理功能。
insmod error:
insmod 错误：
insmod /data/local/tmp/testHello.ko
insmod: init_module '/data/local/tmp/testHello.ko' failed (Exec format error)
Dmesg logs
消息日志
<4>[ 2127.554107] TIMA: lkmauth--launch the tzapp to check kernel module; module len is 71334
<4>[ 2127.554168] TIMA: lkmauth -- hdr before kreq is : e337b000
<4>[ 2127.554199] TIMA: lkmauth--send cmd (lkmauth) cmdlen(304:320), rsplen(264:320) id 0x00050000, req (0xE352A000), rsp(0xE352A140), module_start_addr(0xE337B000) module_len 71334
<3>[ 2127.581909] TIMA: lkmauth--verification failed -1
<4>[ 2127.582183] TIMA: MSG=lkm_modified; result (TIMA_RESULT=MSG=lkm_modified;)
<6>[2129.417541] [debug_wake_locks]active wake lock msm_otg
回答by Technologeeks
Your answer is right there in the dmesg log: The S4 kernel is hardened to only accept modules which are authenticated (i.e. digitally signed). Your compiled module is not thus signed, so init_module failed (though arguably the return code could have been better - exec format error usually means the ELF is malformed, which it technically isn't).
您的答案就在 dmesg 日志中：S4 内核被强化为仅接受经过身份验证（即数字签名）的模块。您编译的模块未因此签名，因此 init_module 失败（尽管可以说返回代码可能会更好 - exec 格式错误通常意味着 ELF 格式错误，从技术上讲并非如此）。
Check the modules that came with the S4 (/system/lib/modules or /vendor/lib/modules) with mod info (on Linux), and you'll see the ELF section with the signature. This is a feature that mainstream Linux has also added, in 3.7.
检查 S4 附带的模块（/system/lib/modules 或 /vendor/lib/modules）和 mod info（在 Linux 上），您将看到带有签名的 ELF 部分。这是主流 Linux 在 3.7 中也添加的功能。
