Debian Linux安装OpenSSH SSHD服务器

时间:2020-01-09 14:16:13  来源:igfitidea点击:

如何在Debian GNU/Linux操作系统下安装OpenSSH sshd服务器?
您需要使用apt-get或aptitude命令在Debian Linux下安装OpenSSH服务器。
打开终端并输入以下命令以超级用户身份更新软件包数据库:

# apt-get update

在Debian Linux下安装OpenSSH服务器

执行以下命令:

# apt-get install openssh-server

输出示例:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
  ssh-askpass rssh molly-guard ufw
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  openssh-server
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 318 kB of archives.
After this operation, 717 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirror.anl.gov/debian/ squeeze/main openssh-server amd64 1:5.5p1-6+squeeze1 [318 kB]
Fetched 318 kB in 3s (89.0 kB/s)         
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously deselected package openssh-server.
(Reading database ... 153448 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking openssh-server (from .../openssh-server_1%3a5.5p1-6+squeeze1_amd64.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up openssh-server (1:5.5p1-6+squeeze1) ...
Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ...
Creating SSH2 DSA key; this may take some time ...
Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd.

默认情况下,openssh将在TCP端口22上运行。
您可以使用以下命令进行验证:

# netstat -tulpn | grep :22

输出示例:

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3946/sshd       
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      3946/sshd

您可以连接到Openssh服务器,执行:

$ ssh user@localhost
$ ssh user@sever-ip-here

如何在Debian Linux下启动/停止/重启OpenSSH服务器?

以超级用户身份执行以下命令:

# service ssh stop
# service ssh start
# service ssh restart
# service ssh status

或者

# /etc/init.d/ssh stop
# /etc/init.d/ssh start
# /etc/init.d/ssh restart
# /etc/init.d/ssh status

如何在防火墙级别打开端口22?

编辑防火墙脚本,并追加以下规则以限制对192.168.1.0/24的访问题描述:

/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

保存并关闭文件。
或者,您可以按如下所示执行命令并将其保存到防火墙配置文件中:

# /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
# iptables-save > /path/to/your.firewall.conf

如何在Debian Linux下配置和保护OpenSSH服务器?

您需要使用文本编辑器(例如vi)编辑/etc/ssh/sshd_config文件,运行:

# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config