LINUX LVM示例01
时间：2019-04-29 03:17:37 来源:igfitidea点击:
逻辑卷管理LVM示例01
在下面的示例中，我们将使用Virtual Box来演示逻辑卷管理。在Virtual Box下，我创建了一个CentOS 6.3操作系统，并添加了2个1GB虚拟磁盘。在此示例中，我们学习如何创建用于LVM的新分区。您将学习pvcreate，pvdisplay，pvs，vgcreate，vgdisplay，vgs，vgscan，vgrename，vgremove，lvcreate，lvdisplay的基础知识，lvs，mkfs，mount和umount命令。
显示当前磁盘摘要
[root@centos ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes Disk /dev/sdc: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
使用上面的 /dev/sdb和 /dev/sdc创建分区
[root@centos ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition\'s system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only)
从交互式菜单中选择以下选项：
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130):
Using default value 130
在上面，为添加新分区选择了n，为主分区选择了p。
定义分区标识类型，因为我们使用的是LVM，所以我们选择类型8e：
Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
选择w将分区表写入磁盘。
对/dev/sdc重复相同的过程
[root@centos ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130):
Using default value 130
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
确认磁盘情况
[root@centos ~]# fdisk -l Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 130 1044193+ 8e Linux LVM Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 130 1044193+ 8e Linux LVM
为LVM准备分区
创建pv
[root@centos ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1" Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created [root@centos ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1 Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdc1" Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
为了演示，我们现在将使用pvremove命令删除这些分区：
[root@centos ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb1 Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped [root@centos ~]# pvremove /dev/sdc1 Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully wiped
再次创建分区：
[root@centos ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1" Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created [root@centos ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1 Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdc1" Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
查看物理卷
[root@centos ~]# pvdisplay
显示新PV：
[root@centos ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda2 vg_centos lvm2 a-- 3.51g 0 /dev/sdb1 lvm2 a-- 1019.72m 1019.72m /dev/sdc1 lvm2 a-- 1019.72m 1019.72m
创建卷组（VG）
将pv与创建的卷组vg01关联。
[root@centos ~]# vgcreate vg01 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 Volume group "vg01" successfully created
查看新的卷组
[root@centos ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg01 [root@centos ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg01 2 0 0 wz--n- 1.98g 1.98g vg_centos 1 2 0 wz--n- 3.51g 0
搜索卷组
[root@centos ~]# vgscan Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Found volume group "vg01" using metadata type lvm2 Found volume group "vg_centos" using metadata type lvm2
为了演示，我们现在使用vgrename命令将卷组重命名为testvg：
[root@centos ~]# vgrename vg01 testvg Volume group "vg01" successfully renamed to "testvg" [root@centos ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree testvg 2 0 0 wz--n- 1.98g 1.98g vg_centos 1 2 0 wz--n- 3.51g 0 [root@centos ~]# vgscan Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Found volume group "testvg" using metadata type lvm2 Found volume group "vg_centos" using metadata type lvm2
为了演示，我们现在将使用vgremove命令删除卷组testvg：
[root@centos ~]# vgremove testvg Volume group "testvg" successfully removed
重新创建卷组：
[root@centos ~]# vgcreate vg01 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 Volume group "vg01" successfully created [root@centos ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg01 2 0 0 wz--n- 1.98g 1.98g vg_centos 1 2 0 wz--n- 3.51g 0
创建逻辑卷（lv)
[root@centos ~]# lvcreate --name lvex01 --size 1.5G vg01 Logical volume "lvex01" created
我们在卷组vg01上创建了名称为lvex01和大小为1.5GB的逻辑卷，
查看新的逻辑卷：
[root@centos ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg01/lvex01 LV Name lvex01 VG Name vg01 [root@centos ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/vg01/lvex01' [1.50 GiB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/vg_centos/lv_root' [1.54 GiB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/vg_centos/lv_swap' [1.97 GiB] inherit [root@centos ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Copy% Convert lvex01 vg01 -wi-a--- 1.50g lv_root vg_centos -wi-ao-- 1.54g lv_swap vg_centos -wi-ao-- 1.97g
添加文件系统-mkfs
在我们的示例中，我们将使用ext3文件系统类型
[root@centos ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg01/lvex01 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label=
创建挂载点
[root@centos ~]# mkdir /var/example01
使用mount命令来装载逻辑卷：
[root@centos ~]# mount /dev/vg01/lvex01 /var/example01
在/etc/fstab中添加挂载项，以便系统启动时能自动挂载
/dev/vg01/lvex01 /var/example01 ext3 defaults 0 0
使用df -h命令查看文件系统
[root@centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root
1.6G 524M 950M 36% /
tmpfs 504M 0 504M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 38M 422M 9% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg01-lvex01
1.5G 35M 1.4G 3% /var/example01
