Linux 在 64 位 ubuntu 上编译 32 位汇编程序
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Compiling 32 bit Assembler on 64 bit ubuntu
提问by Klemenko
I have program written in 32 bit assembly language... Now I just can't compile it on 64 bit OS. On our school they are specific and program has to be written in 32 bit version. Here is my program:
我有用 32 位汇编语言编写的程序......现在我无法在 64 位操作系统上编译它。在我们学校，它们是特定的，程序必须用 32 位版本编写。这是我的程序：
bits 32
extern _printf
global _start
section .data
message db "Hello world!!", 10, 0
section .text
_start:
pushad
push dword message
call _printf
add esp, 4
popad
ret
Any idea? I have tried so many ways to compile that. Error output after compiling:
任何的想法？我已经尝试了很多方法来编译它。编译后错误输出：
nasm -f elf64 vaja4.asm
ld vaja4.o -o vaja4
./vaja4
output:
输出：
vaja4.o: In function `_start':
vaja4.asm:(.text+0x7): undefined reference to `_printf'
采纳答案by iabdalkader
First change _printfto printfand the _startsymbol to main, then use gccto link the object file, which will automatically link it to libc, you need to do that because AFAIK you can't link to libc without a main. Also you should use elf32 not elf64 when assembling because the code has 32 bits instructions :
首先更改_printf为printf并且_start符号为main，然后用于gcc链接目标文件，该文件将自动链接到libc，您需要这样做，因为AFAIK 没有main. 此外，您应该在组装时使用 elf32 而不是 elf64，因为代码有 32 位指令：
bits 32
extern printf
global main
section .data
message db "Hello world!!", 10, 0
section .text
main:
pushad
push dword message
call printf
add esp, 4
popad
ret
And build with:
并构建：
nasm -f elf32 vaja4.asm
gcc -m32 vaja4.o -o vaja4
$./test
$Hello world!!
Edit:
编辑：
Since you're now compiling 32-bit code on a 64-bit system, you will need to install the 32-bit version of the libraries
由于您现在正在 64 位系统上编译 32 位代码，因此您需要安装 32 位版本的库
apt-get install ia32-libs
回答by Nikos C.
It looks to me like you forgot to link against the C library, which is the part that provides the printffunction (and others):
在我看来，您好像忘记链接 C 库，这是提供printf功能（和其他功能）的部分：
ld vaja4.o -o vaja4 -lc
回答by binW
I doubt that the error you see is because of 32/64 bit issue. The error that you see i.e
我怀疑您看到的错误是因为 32/64 位问题。你看到的错误即
vaja4.asm:(.text+0x7): undefined reference to `_printf'
is clearly telling you the symbol _printf is undefined which means that the library for printf function is not being linked.
清楚地告诉您符号 _printf 未定义，这意味着未链接 printf 函数库。
your linking step i.e
你的链接步骤即
ld vaja4.o -o vaja4
does not include any libraries. You need to link your program with a library that can provide definition of the printf function. I believe ld should pick the library it self without bothering you with these messages but because it is not able to find a suitable C library for this function, I guess you dont have the required libraries i.e either 32 bit or 64 library is missing.
不包括任何库。您需要将您的程序与可以提供 printf 函数定义的库链接起来。我相信 ld 应该自己选择库而不用这些消息来打扰您，但是因为它无法为该函数找到合适的 C 库，我猜您没有所需的库，即缺少 32 位或 64 位库。
Anyway, plz try the following sequence of commands to assemble and link your program:
无论如何，请尝试以下命令序列来组装和链接您的程序：
nasm -f elf vaja4.asm
ld -m elf_i386 vaja4.o vaja4
./vaja4
回答by bit_pusher
On Ubuntu 12.10, you need to install development packages first
在 Ubuntu 12.10 上，需要先安装开发包
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
for
为了
gcc -m32 vaja4.o -o vaja4
to work.
上班。
