OpenBSD安装端口树集合
时间：2020-01-09 10:42:52 来源:igfitidea点击:
我已经安装了OpenBSD操作系统，但是/usr/ports目录中缺少端口集合。
如何在OpenBSD下从ftp/http站点安装端口？
端口收集对于OpenBSD服务器或者基于台式机/笔记本电脑的系统至关重要。
您可以使用OpenBSD端口集合为第三方应用程序创建二进制软件包。
方法1：从OpenBSD CDROM安装端口
如果您具有OpenBSD CDROM，请执行以下命令，将端口树的内容复制到/usr/ports；您可以在/cdrom上安装带有端口的CD-ROM并发出如下命令：
# mount /cdrom # cd /usr # tar zxf /cdrom/ports.tar.gz
方法2：从FTP/HTTP镜像站点安装OpenBSD端口
使用wget命令(在OpenBSD上默认未安装)或者ftp命令客户端并获取ports.tar.gz，执行：
$ cd ## go to home dir ## $ wget http://ftp.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/$(uname -r)/ports.tar.gz $ wget http://ftp.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/$(uname -r)/SHA256.sig
或者使用ftp命令：
$ cd ## go to home dir ## $ ftp http://ftp.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/$(uname -r)/ports.tar.gz $ ftp http://ftp.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/$(uname -r)/SHA256.sig
或者从此处使用OpenBSD镜像：
$ cd ## go to home dir ## $ ftp ftp://mirror.planetunix.net/pub/OpenBSD/$(uname -r)/ports.tar.gz $ ftp ftp://mirror.planetunix.net/pub/OpenBSD/$(uname -r)/SHA256.sig
输出示例：
--11:44:39-- ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/6.0/ports.tar.gz
- `ports.tar.gz'
Resolving ftp.openbsd.org... 129.128.5.191
Connecting to ftp.openbsd.org|129.128.5.191|:21... connected.
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!
=- SYST ... done. =- PWD ... done.
=- TYPE I ... done. =- CWD /pub/OpenBSD/6.0 ... done.
=- PASV ... done. =- RETR ports.tar.gz ... done.
Length: 11,184,931 (11M) (unauthoritative)
100%[================================================================================================================- ] 11,184,931 236.83K/s ETA 00:00
11:45:29 (230.09 KB/s) - `ports.tar.gz' saved [11184931]
在OpenBSD上提取端口树
使用signify命令验证ports.tar.gz文件，执行：
## match your openbsd version here (openbsd-60-base.pub) ## $ signify -C -p /etc/signify/openbsd-60-base.pub -x SHA256.sig ports.tar.gz
输出示例：
Signature Verified ports.tar.gz: OK
要解压缩ports.tar.gz，请以root用户身份使用tar命令：
# tar -zxvf ports.tar.gz -C /usr/
输出示例：
ports ports/CVS ports/CVS/Repository ports/CVS/Entries ports/.cvsignore ports/INDEX ports/Makefile ports/README ports/archivers ports/archivers/CVS ports/archivers/CVS/Repository ports/archivers/CVS/Entries .... .. ... ports/x11/yeahlaunch/pkg ports/x11/yeahlaunch/pkg/CVS ports/x11/yeahlaunch/pkg/CVS/Repository ports/x11/yeahlaunch/pkg/CVS/Entries ports/x11/yeahlaunch/pkg/DESCR ports/x11/yeahlaunch/pkg/PLIST
提取后，可以使用rm命令删除ports.tar.gz文件，如下所示：
$ rm ports.tar.gz SHA256.sig
如何使用OpenBSD上的端口？
要使用端口，请使用cd进入/usr/ports /目录：
$ cd /usr/ports $ ls
输出示例：
.cvsignore biology emulators lang productivity CVS books fonts mail security INDEX cad games math shells Makefile chinese geo meta sysutils README comms graphics misc telephony archivers converters infrastructure multimedia tests astro databases inputmethods net textproc audio devel japanese news www base editors java plan9 x11 benchmarks education korean print
要从端口安装bash shell(或者按照官方文档中的说明为用户配置适当的文件权限)，请执行：
# cd /usr/ports/shells/bash # make install clean all
如何搜索端口树？
使用以下语法：
$ cd /usr/ports
$ make search key={KEY-WORD-HERE}
要搜索php-gd软件包，请执行：
$ make search key=php-gd
输出示例：
Port: php-gd-5.5.37p0 Path: lang/php/5.5,-gd Info: image manipulation extensions for php5 Maint: Robert Nagy <[email protected]> Index: lang www L-deps: devel/t1lib graphics/jpeg graphics/png B-deps: archivers/bzip2 devel/autoconf/2.69 devel/metaauto www/apache-httpd R-deps: php-5.5.37:lang/php/5.5 Archs: any Port: php-gd-5.6.23p0 Path: lang/php/5.6,-gd Info: image manipulation extensions for php5 Maint: Robert Nagy <[email protected]> Index: lang www L-deps: devel/t1lib graphics/jpeg graphics/png B-deps: archivers/bzip2 devel/autoconf/2.69 devel/metaauto www/apache-httpd R-deps: php-5.6.23:lang/php/5.6 Archs: any Port: php-gd-7.0.8p0 Path: lang/php/7.0,-gd Info: image manipulation extensions for php5 Maint: Robert Nagy <[email protected]> Index: lang www L-deps: graphics/jpeg graphics/png B-deps: archivers/bzip2 devel/autoconf/2.69 devel/bison devel/metaauto www/apache-httpd R-deps: php-7.0.8:lang/php/7.0 Archs: any
您可以使用以下命令安装php-gd-7.0.8p0：
# pkg_add php-gd-7.0.8p0
或者
# cd /usr/ports/lang/php/7.0/ # make install clean
