Spring DataSource JNDI与Tomcat示例
欢迎使用Spring DataSource JNDI Tomcat示例教程。
前面我们看到了如何使用Spring JDBC集成来实现数据库操作。
但是,大多数时候,企业应用程序都部署在servlet容器中,例如Tomcat,JBoss等。
Spring数据源
我们知道,带有JNDI的DataSource是实现连接池并从容器实现中受益的首选方法。
今天,我们将研究如何配置Spring Web应用程序以使用Tomcat提供的JNDI连接。
对于我的示例,我将使用MySQL数据库服务器并创建一个包含一些行的简单表。
我们将创建一个Spring Rest Web服务,该服务将返回JSON响应以及表中所有数据的列表。
数据库设置
CREATE TABLE `Employee` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL, `name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `role` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; INSERT INTO `Employee` (`id`, `name`, `role`) VALUES (1, 'hyman', 'CEO'), (2, 'David', 'Manager'); commit;
Spring DataSource MVC项目
在Spring Tool Suite中创建一个Spring MVC项目,以便准备好我们的Spring应用程序框架代码。
一旦我们完成了实现,我们的项目结构将如下图所示。
Spring JDBC和Hymanson依赖关系
我们将不得不在pom.xml文件中添加Spring JDBC,Hymanson和MySQL数据库驱动程序作为依赖项。
我的最终pom.xml文件如下所示。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.theitroad.spring</groupId> <artifactId>SpringDataSource</artifactId> <name>SpringDataSource</name> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <java-version>1.6</java-version> <org.springframework-version>4.0.2.RELEASE</org.springframework-version> <org.aspectj-version>1.7.4</org.aspectj-version> <org.slf4j-version>1.7.5</org.slf4j-version> <Hymanson.databind-version>2.2.3</Hymanson.databind-version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- Spring JDBC Support --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> </dependency> <!-- MySQL Driver --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.0.5</version> </dependency> <!-- Hymanson --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.Hymanson.core</groupId> <artifactId>Hymanson-databind</artifactId> <version>${Hymanson.databind-version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> <exclusions> <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j --> <exclusion> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework-version}</version> </dependency> <!-- AspectJ --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Logging --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.15</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.mail</groupId> <artifactId>mail</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.jms</groupId> <artifactId>jms</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId> <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId> <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <!-- @Inject --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.inject</groupId> <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId> <version>1</version> </dependency> <!-- Servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- Test --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.7</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.9</version> <configuration> <additionalProjectnatures> <projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature> </additionalProjectnatures> <additionalBuildcommands> <buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand> </additionalBuildcommands> <downloadSources>true</downloadSources> <downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument> <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> <showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> <configuration> <mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
如果您不熟悉Spring中的Rest,请阅读Spring Restful Webservice Example。
模型类
根据Employee表建模的Employee bean如下所示。
package com.theitroad.spring.jdbc.model; import java.io.Serializable; public class Employee implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -7788619177798333712L; private int id; private String name; private String role; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getRole() { return role; } public void setRole(String role) { this.role = role; } }
Spring 控制器类
我们简单的控制器类如下所示。
package com.theitroad.spring.jdbc.controller; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.theitroad.spring.jdbc.model.Employee; /** * Handles requests for the Employee JDBC Service. */ @Controller public class EmployeeController { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EmployeeController.class); @Autowired @Qualifier("dbDataSource") private DataSource dataSource; public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) { this.dataSource = dataSource; } @RequestMapping(value = "/rest/emps", method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody List<Employee> getAllEmployees() { logger.info("Start getAllEmployees."); List<Employee> empList = new ArrayList<Employee>(); //JDBC Code - Start String query = "select id, name, role from Employee"; JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); List<Map<String,Object>> empRows = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(query); for(Map<String,Object> empRow : empRows){ Employee emp = new Employee(); emp.setId(Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(empRow.get("id")))); emp.setName(String.valueOf(empRow.get("name"))); emp.setRole(String.valueOf(empRow.get("role"))); empList.add(emp); } return empList; } }
关于Controller类的要点是:
Spring Bean配置将使用名称dbDataSource连接数据源。
我们使用JdbcTemplate来避免常见错误,例如资源泄漏,并删除JDBC样板代码。
检索Employee列表的URI将是https://{host}:{port}/SpringDataSource/rest/emps
我们正在使用@ResponseBody发送Employee对象的列表作为响应,Spring将负责将其转换为JSON。
Spring Bean配置
我们可以通过两种方法进行JNDI查找并将其连接到Controller DataSource,我的spring bean配置文件包含这两种方法,但是其中一种被注释。
您可以在这些之间切换,响应将相同。
使用jee名称空间标签执行JNDI查找并将其配置为Spring Bean。
在这种情况下,我们还需要包括jee命名空间和架构定义。通过传递JNDI上下文名称,创建类型为org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean的bean。
jndiName是此配置的必需参数。
我的spring bean配置文件如下所示。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans:beans xmlns="https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:jee="https://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="https://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="https://www.springframework.org/schema/jee https://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd https://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure --> <!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model --> <annotation-driven <!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory --> <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" <!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory --> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" </beans:bean> <!-- Configure to plugin JSON as request and response in method handler --> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"> <beans:property name="messageConverters"> <beans:list> <beans:ref bean="jsonMessageConverter" </beans:list> </beans:property> </beans:bean> <!-- Configure bean to convert JSON to POJO and vice versa --> <beans:bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingHymanson2HttpMessageConverter"> </beans:bean> <!-- Create DataSource Bean --> <beans:bean id="dbDataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <beans:property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/jdbc/MyLocalDB" </beans:bean> <!-- using JEE namespace for lookup --> <!-- <jee:jndi-lookup id="dbDataSource" jndi-name="jdbc/MyLocalDB" expected-type="javax.sql.DataSource" --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.theitroad.spring.jdbc.controller" </beans:beans>
Tomcat数据源JNDI配置
现在我们完成了项目,最后一部分是在Tomcat容器中进行JNDI配置,以创建JNDI资源。
<Resource name="jdbc/TestDB" global="jdbc/TestDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TestDB" username="hyman" password="hyman123" maxActive="100" maxIdle="20" minIdle="5" maxWait="10000"
在server.xml文件的GlobalNamingResources部分中添加以上配置。
<ResourceLink name="jdbc/MyLocalDB" global="jdbc/TestDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
我们还需要创建资源链接以在我们的应用程序中使用JNDI配置,这是将其添加到服务器context.xml文件中的最佳方法。
注意,ResourceLink名称应与我们在应用程序中使用的JNDI上下文名称匹配。
还要确保tomcat lib目录中存在MySQL jar,否则tomcat将无法创建MySQL数据库连接池。
运行Spring DataSource JNDI示例项目
我们的项目和服务器配置已完成,我们准备对其进行测试。
将项目导出为WAR文件,并将其放置在tomcat部署目录中。