如何在FreeBSD 12上安装PHP 7.3

FreeBSD是一个免费和开源的UNIX操作系统，提供了一些良好的功能，如抢占式多任务，内存保护，虚拟内存，支持监禁，多用户设施，SMP支持，广泛的安全功能等

按照以下步骤在FreeBSD服务器上安装PHP 7.2.

第1步：更新端口树

首先使用使用的FreeBSD服务器端口树更新 portsnap命令：

$Hyman@theitroad:~ % su 
Password:
Hyman@theitroad:~# portsnap fetch update
Looking up portsnap.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 5 mirrors found.
Fetching public key from ec2-ap-southeast-2.portsnap.freebsd.org... done.
Fetching snapshot tag from ec2-ap-southeast-2.portsnap.freebsd.org... done.
Fetching snapshot metadata... done.
Fetching snapshot generated at Sun Dec  9 00:19:28 UTC 2016:
Extracting snapshot... done.
Verifying snapshot integrity... done.
Fetching snapshot tag from ec2-ap-southeast-2.portsnap.freebsd.org... done.
Fetching snapshot metadata... done.
Updating from Sun Dec  9 00:19:28 UTC 2016 to Sun Dec  9 19:15:19 UTC 2016.
Fetching 5 metadata patches... done.
Applying metadata patches... done.
Fetching 0 metadata files... done.
Fetching 78 patches. 
(78/78) 100.00%  done.                                   
done.
Applying patches... 
done.
Fetching 3 new ports or files... done.
/usr/ports was not created by portsnap.
You must run 'portsnap extract' before running 'portsnap update'.

第一次运行PortsNap时，我们需要将快照提取到/usr /端口：

# portsnap extract

我们应该在输出结束时获取下面的消息。

Building new INDEX files... done.

确认一切都是最新的。

# portsnap fetch update
Looking up portsnap.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 5 mirrors found.
Fetching snapshot tag from ec2-eu-west-1.portsnap.freebsd.org... done.
Latest snapshot on server matches what we already have.
No updates needed.
Ports tree is already up to date.

默认情况下，端口集合本身存储为子目录 /usr/ports。

第2步：在FreeBSD上安装PHP 7.2

有两种方式可以在FreeBSD上安装PHP 7.2.在使用端口从源中的二进制包中安装PHP 7.2

方法1：从二进制文件中安装PHP 7.2

下载并安装 pkg如果尚未完成：

# /usr/sbin/pkg
The package management tool is not yet installed on your system.
Do you want to fetch and install it now? [y/N]: y
Bootstrapping pkg from pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:13:amd64/latest, please wait...
Verifying signature with trusted certificate pkg.freebsd.org.2013102301... done
Installing pkg-1.10.5_5...
the most recent version of pkg-1.10.5_5 is installed

然后安装php 7.2

# pkg install php72
Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...
FreeBSD repository is up to date.
All repositories are up to date.
The following 3 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):
New packages to be INSTALLED:
	php72: 7.2.10
	libargon2: 20161227_1
	pcre: 8.42
Number of packages to be installed: 3
The process will require 31 MiB more space.
5 MiB to be downloaded.
Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y
[1/3] Fetching php72-7.2.10.txz: 100%    3 MiB 192.9kB/s    00:18    
[2/3] Fetching libargon2-20161227_1.txz: 100%   64 KiB  65.3kB/s    00:01    
[3/3] Fetching pcre-8.42.txz: 100%    1 MiB  44.9kB/s    00:28    
Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)
[1/3] Installing libargon2-20161227_1...
[1/3] Extracting libargon2-20161227_1: 100%
[2/3] Installing pcre-8.42...
[2/3] Extracting pcre-8.42: 100%
[3/3] Installing php72-7.2.10...
[3/3] Extracting php72-7.2.10: 100%

确认已安装PHP版本。

# php -v
PHP 7.2.10 (cli) (built: Dec  1 2016 01:31:03) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies

在FreeBSD上安装PHP 7.2扩展

可以使用语法安装扩展 php72-<extension>。
请参见下面的示例，安装标准扩展。

# pkg install php72-curl php72-extensions php72-json php72-xml \
php72-zip php72-intl php72-mysqli php72-pdo_mysql php72-pdo \
php72-pear php72-soap php72-phar

我们可以使用以下内容查看已加载的模块：

# php -m

方法1：从端口的FreeBSD上安装PHP 7.2

将工作目录更改为PHP 7.2端口文件夹

# cd /usr/ports/lang/php72

然后构建并安装PHP 7.2

# make install clean

在FreeBSD上安装PHP 7.2的扩展，做到象下面这样：

# cd /usr/ports/lang/php72-extensions/
# make install clean