如何查看.DEB Debian/Ubuntu软件包文件的内容
时间：2020-01-09 10:44:05 来源:igfitidea点击:
在CentOS/Fedora/RHEL下，我可以使用rpm -ql packageName命令来查看.rpm文件的联系人。
如何在Debian/Ubuntu Linux下查看.deb文件的内容？
您需要安装apt-file命令，这是一个命令行工具，用于为APT软件包管理系统搜索软件包中的文件。
安装apt文件
# apt-get update && apt-get install apt-file
输出示例：
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libapt-pkg-perl libconfig-file-perl liblist-moreutils-perl menu Suggested packages: gksu kdebase-bin kdebase-runtime ktsuss sux The following NEW packages will be installed: apt-file libapt-pkg-perl libconfig-file-perl liblist-moreutils-perl menu 0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 626kB of archives. After this operation, 2687kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y Get:1 http://mirrors.kernel.org lenny/main libconfig-file-perl 1.42-1 [11.7kB] Get:2 http://mirrors.kernel.org lenny/main libapt-pkg-perl 0.1.22+b1 [89.6kB] Get:3 http://mirrors.kernel.org lenny/main liblist-moreutils-perl 0.22-1+b1 [51.9kB] Get:4 http://mirrors.kernel.org lenny/main apt-file 2.1.5 [19.2kB] Get:5 http://mirrors.kernel.org lenny/main menu 2.1.41 [453kB] Fetched 626kB in 9s (67.3kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package libconfig-file-perl. (Reading database ... 21061 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libconfig-file-perl (from .../libconfig-file-perl_1.42-1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libapt-pkg-perl. Unpacking libapt-pkg-perl (from .../libapt-pkg-perl_0.1.22+b1_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package liblist-moreutils-perl. Unpacking liblist-moreutils-perl (from .../liblist-moreutils-perl_0.22-1+b1_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package apt-file. Unpacking apt-file (from .../apt-file_2.1.5_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package menu. Unpacking menu (from .../archives/menu_2.1.41_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up libconfig-file-perl (1.42-1) ... Setting up libapt-pkg-perl (0.1.22+b1) ... Setting up liblist-moreutils-perl (0.22-1+b1) ... Setting up apt-file (2.1.5) ... You need to run 'apt-file update' as root to update the cache. Setting up menu (2.1.41) ... Processing triggers for menu ...
首先，从源中重新同步包内容，执行：
# apt-file update
列出Debian .deb文件/软件包的内容
语法如下：
# apt-file list packageName # apt-file list wget
输出示例：
epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/lib/epiphany-gecko/2.22/extensions/gwget.xml epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/lib/epiphany-gecko/2.22/extensions/libgwgetextension.a epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/lib/epiphany-gecko/2.22/extensions/libgwgetextension.la epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/lib/epiphany-gecko/2.22/extensions/libgwgetextension.so epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/AUTHORS epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/NEWS.gz epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/README epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/THANKS epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/TODO epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/changelog.Debian.gz epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/changelog.gz epiphany-extension-gwget: /usr/share/doc/epiphany-extension-gwget/copyright gwget: /usr/bin/gwget gwget: /usr/share/applications/gwget.desktop gwget: /usr/share/dbus-1/services/gwget.service gwget: /usr/share/doc/gwget/AUTHORS gwget: /usr/share/doc/gwget/NEWS.Debian.gz ..... ...... wget-el: /usr/share/emacs/site-lisp/wget-el/wget-sysdep.el wget-el: /usr/share/emacs/site-lisp/wget-el/wget.el
如何查看foo.deb内容？
执行以下命令以查看名为foo.deb的.deb文件的内容
# dpkg-deb -c foo.deb # dpkg-deb -c acct_6.4~pre1-6_amd64.deb
输出示例：
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/init.d/ -rwxr-xr-x root/root 1787 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/init.d/acct drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/default/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 332 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/default/acct drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/cron.monthly/ -rwxr-xr-x root/root 1281 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/cron.monthly/acct drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/cron.daily/ -rwxr-xr-x root/root 379 2008-03-08 14:26 ./etc/cron.daily/acct drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/sbin/ -rwxr-xr-x root/root 11000 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/sbin/dump-utmp -rwxr-xr-x root/root 12760 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/sbin/dump-acct -rwxr-xr-x root/root 29240 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/sbin/sa -rwxr-xr-x root/root 8184 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/sbin/accton drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/bin/ -rwxr-xr-x root/root 21592 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/bin/ac -rwxr-xr-x root/root 20888 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/bin/lastcomm drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/doc-base/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 587 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/doc-base/acct drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/doc/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/doc/acct/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 3994 2003-06-05 22:27 ./usr/share/doc/acct/README -rw-r--r-- root/root 1247 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/doc/acct/copyright -rw-r--r-- root/root 68845 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/doc/acct/accounting.html -rw-r--r-- root/root 1601 2006-01-08 04:44 ./usr/share/doc/acct/NEWS.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 7105 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/doc/acct/changelog.Debian.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 14612 2006-01-08 04:44 ./usr/share/doc/acct/changelog.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 8534 2003-06-05 22:27 ./usr/share/doc/acct/TODO.gz drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man1/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 1655 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man1/lastcomm.1.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 2381 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man1/ac.1.gz drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man8/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 3118 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man8/sa.8.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 728 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man8/dump-utmp.8.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 915 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man8/dump-acct.8.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 553 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/man/man8/accton.8.gz drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/info/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 11307 2008-03-08 14:26 ./usr/share/info/accounting.info.gz
您阅读已安装软件包的内容：
# dpkg -L packageName
关于apt文件列表和dpkg -L的说明
apt-file list命令列出与模式模式匹配的软件包的内容。
此操作与dpkg -L命令非常接近，只是不需要安装或者获取软件包。
